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Histology -- Zach H. > Lecture #27: Integument System II > Flashcards

Lecture #27: Integument System II Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the only two locations that sebaceous glands are not found?

A

Found everywhere except palms and soles.

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2
Q

What doe sebaceous glands continuously produce?

A

Sebum, which is released into hair follicles.

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3
Q

What stimulates the growth of sebaceous glands?

A

Growth is stimulated at puberty by sex hormones.

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4
Q

What type of gland are sebaceous glands?

A

Mode of Secretion - >holocrine glands

Branched acinar glands with short ducts

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5
Q

What is the function of basal cells in the lining of sebaceous glands?

A

Basal cells regenerate sebum-producing cells lost during the holocrine secretory process.

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6
Q

What type of glands are sweat (sudoriferous) glands?

A

Both merocrine and apocrine glands.

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7
Q

In merocrine glands, what kind of epithelium is the coiled, simple tubular secretory portion lined with?

A

Simple Epithelium

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8
Q

In merocrine glands, what do apical dark secretory cells of the coiled, simple tubular secretory portion secrete?

A

Glycoproteins

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9
Q

In merocrine glands, what do basal clear cells of the coiled, simple tubular secretory portion secrete?

A

Water and Electrolytes

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10
Q

Besides simple epithelium, apical dark secretory cells, and basal clear cells of the coiled, simple tubular secretory portion of merocrine glands, what other epithelium cells are found here?

A

Myoepithelial Cells

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11
Q

True or False:

The duct system of merocrine glands consist of stratified cuboidal epithelium except in epidermis.

A

True

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12
Q

Do merocrine glands have cholinergic endings?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Apocrine glands of sweat (sudoriferous) glands are found in which regions of the body?

A

Found in labia majora, areola, and axillary and anal regions.

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14
Q

Between apocrine and merocrine, which secretes a product more thicker and viscous?

A

Secretions from apocrine glands are thicker and more viscous than merocrine glands.

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15
Q

Does apocrine glands have adrenergic or cholinergic innervation?

A

Adrenergic Innervation

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16
Q

True or False:

Apocrine glands are inactive until puberty?

A

True

17
Q

Where do excretory ducts open into to secrete their product?

A

Excretory duct opens into hair follicle.

18
Q

Name two different special types of apocrine glands covered in lecture.

A

Ceruminous Glands

Glands of Moll

19
Q

Within sweat glands, what are myoepithelial cells found in-between?

A

Myoepithelial cells are found between the basal lamina and the basal domain of clear cells.

20
Q

In which layer of the skin is apocrine sweat glands located?

A

Dermis

21
Q

What do hair follicles develop from and what are the components?

A

Develop from epidermis as elastic, keratinized threads.

> components

 - root 
 - free shaft 
 - hair follicle
22
Q

What muscle and bland is found associated with hair follicles?

A

Sebaceous Glands and Pili Muscles

23
Q

True or False:

The hair bulb has a vascularized dermal papilla the protrudes up into the structure.

A

True

24
Q

True or False:

The hair bulb does not have a matrix.

A

False - the hair bulb does have a matrix

25
Q

Fill in the Blank:

_______ root sheath is a down growth of the epidermis in the hair follicle.

A

External Root Sheath

26
Q

Which sheath, external or internal, is generated by the hair bulb matrix?

A

Internal Root Sheath

27
Q

What are the 3 layers of the internal root sheath?

A

Henle’s layer (outermost)

Huxley’s layer

Cuticle (interlocks with cuticle of hair shaft

28
Q

What are the layers of the hair shaft?

A

medulla (innermost)

cortex

cuticle

29
Q

What are the 3 migration pathways possible from keratinocyte stem cells in the hair follicle development?

A

1) bulb-epidermis stem cell pathway
2) bulb-sebaceous gland stem cell pathway
3) bulb-hair stem cell pathway

*signaling pathway -> Wnt and Notch signaling pathway

30
Q

Which of the following trascription factors induces proliferation and self-renewal of satellite cells allowing them to become mitotic in times of stress?

a) MyoD
b) erythropoietin
c) myogenic regulatory factor My5
d) alpha7beta1 integrin

A

a) MyoD

31
Q

The meninges cover the brain and spinal cord. They consist of three layers. Which of the following statements is true regarding these membranes?

a) the subdural space is only associated with the meninges around the brain.
b) the epidural space is only associated with the meninges around the spinal cord.
c) cerebral spinal fluid is found in the subdural space.
d) arachnoid granulations are projections form the pia mater.

A

b) the epidural space is only associated with the meninges around the spinal cord.

32
Q

Objective 3: be able to identify types of sensory receptors on photomicrographs.

A

Meissner’s corpuscle and Pacini Corpuscle

Histology -- Zach H. (21 decks)

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