Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology I > Lecture 25: Pulmonary Ventilation > Flashcards

Lecture 25: Pulmonary Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

How do you calculate minute ventilation (VE)?

A

Tidal Volume * RR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the functional measure of alveolar ventilation?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

____ ___ is the volume of gas that does not participate in gas exchange

A

Dead Space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you calculate physiological dead space?

A

Anatomic Dead Space + Alveolar Dead Space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does Dead Space Ventilation occur?

A

Conduction Zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does Alveolar Ventilation occur?

A

Respiratory Zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do you calculate alveolar ventilation (VA)?

A

1) VE = VA + VD
2) VA = VE - VD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Alveolar Dead Space vs. Anatomic Dead Space?

A

Alveolar: Air in non-perfused alveoli
Anatomic: Ait in nose, pharynx, larynx, conducting airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are resistance and velocity related to turbulent flow?

A

Resistance: Increased
Velocity: Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are resistance and velocity related to laminar flow?

A

Resistance: Decreased
Velocity: Decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of flow would you associate with wheezing?

A

Turbulent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of flow occurs in small airways?

A

Laminar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Total amount of gas in lungs after max inspiration

A

Total Lung Capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Max. gas that can be inspired started at functional residual capacity

A

Inspiratory Capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Max gas that can be expired after max inspiration

A

Vital Capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Amount of gas in lungs at end of normal expiration (passive exhalation)

A

Functional Residual Capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Typical value of tidal volume?

A

500 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Max volume of gas the can be inspired starting from end of normal inspiration

A

IRV
(Inspiratory Reserve Capacity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Max volume of gas that can be expired starting from end of normal expiration?

A

ERV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Typical values of ERV, IRV?

A

ERV: 1,100 mL
IRV: 3000 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Volume of gas in lungs that remains after max. expiration?

A

Residual Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Two ways to calculate TLC?

A

1) IRV + ERV + RV + Tidal Volume
2) VC + RV

23
Q

How do you calculate vital capacity?

A

ERV + IRV + Tidal Volume

24
Q

How do you calculate inspiratory capacity?

A

Tidal Volume + IRV

25
Q

How do you calculate functional residual capacity?

A

ERV + RV

26
Q

What equation describes airflow, pressure, radius, and viscosity

A

V = P(3.14) r4
_____________
8nL

27
Q

What happens as you move from RV to FRC to TLC

A

Airway resistance decreases and lung volume increases

28
Q

Compare the cross-sectional area of segmented bronchi and terminal bronchioles?

A

Segmented Bronchi: small area, high resistance
Terminal Bronchioles: large area, low resistance

29
Q

What type of lung disorders are associated with increase airway resistance?

A

Obstructive Lung Disease

30
Q

Mucus secretion (increases resistance) is associated with what lung condition?

A

Bronchitis

31
Q

Bronchitis, Asthma, and Emphysema are ___ lung conditions

A

Obstructive

32
Q

Loss of or reduced radial traction is a feature of which obstructive lung disorder?

A

Emphysema

33
Q

Why is it that, if you have emphysema, inspiration is easy while expiration is hard?

A

Since there is a loss of collagen, inspiration is easy. But because of lung collapse, airflow is obstructed, and expiration is hard

34
Q

Smooth muscle hypertrophy is associate with ___ and ____

A

Asthma and Bronchitis

35
Q

Which lung disorder is associated with excess radial tension?

A

Pulmonary Fibrosis

36
Q

Which type of lung disorders are associated with restricted expansion of the lungs?

A

Restrictive Lung Disease

37
Q

Which lung disorder is associated with excess collagen/elastin; greater inward recoil; and smaller lungs?

A

Pulmonary Fibrosis

38
Q

Patients with increased airway resistances often breathe at ___ lung volumes to reduce resistance

A

higher

39
Q

Normal FEV1?

A

3800 mL

40
Q

Normal Forced Vital Capacity?

A

4600 mL

41
Q

Amount of gas that can be expelled from lungs by expiring as forcibly as possible s/p max inspiration?

A

Forced Vital Capacity

42
Q

How would you expect the follow values to change in the case of an obstructive pulmonary disease?

RV:
VC:
TLC:
FRC:

A

RV: Increase
VC: Decreased
TLC: Increased
FRC: Increased

43
Q

How would you expect the follow values to change in the case of an restrictive pulmonary disease?

RV:
VC:
TLC:
FRC:

A

RV: Decreases
VC:
TLC: Decrease
FRC: Decreases

44
Q

A FEV1/FVC that is 0.6 or less suggests what diagnosis?

A

Obstructive Lung Disease

45
Q

In obstructive lung diseases, how is FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC affected?

A

All are decrease

46
Q

In restrictive lung diseases, how is FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC affected?

A

FVC and FEV1: Decreased
FEV1/FVC: Normal or increased

47
Q

Why does FEV1/FVC remain normal or increase in restrictive lung pathologies?

A

Excess radial traction keeping airways open

48
Q

What type of lung disorder is associated with “scooped out” shape?

A

Obstructive

49
Q

When you expire, lung resistance ___, airflow ___, and airway narrows

A

increases, decreases

50
Q

In inspiration, airways widen and resistance ___

A

decreases

51
Q

Flow rates may or may not change in ____ diseases

A

Restrictive Lung diseases

52
Q

How does pulmonary fibrosis affect lung compliance and airway resistance?

A

Decreases both

53
Q

How does emphysema affect lung compliance and airway resistance?

A

Increases

54
Q

How does bronchitis affect airway resistance?

A

Increases

Physiology I (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions