Lecture 24: Intro to Respiration Flashcards
Four stages of respiration?
1) Ventilation
2) Pulmonary Diffusion
3) Bulk Flow
4) Tissue Diffusion
Where does oxygen move in pulmonary diffusion? In tissue diffusion?
Pulmonary diffusion: alveoli into circulation
Tissue diffusion: circulatory system to mitochondria
What stages of respiration require a pressure gradient?
Ventilation, Tissue Diffusion, and Pulmonary Diffusion
How does pressure changes cause air to move out during exhalation?
Air moves from high pressure to low pressure. When one exhales, there is higher pressure in the lungs, which forces air out
Four roles of pulmonary endothelial cells?
1) Angiotensin I to II (ACE)
2) Uptake and store serotonin
3) Degrade prostaglandins
4) Inactivate bradykinins
Modulation of RR, acting as a blood/air filter, as well as a blood reservoir are all ___ functions of respiration
Secondary
Which structures in conducting zone contain cartilage?
Trachea and bronchi
What cell type are found in bronchi and trachea?
Pseudostratified cilliated columnar
What cell type is found in the bronchioles?
Simple cuboidal
What blood supply is used by structures in the gas exchange/respiratory zone?
Pulmonary
Where are cilia, mucous glands, goblet cells, and cartilagenous rings located?
Conducting Zone
What cell type is found in respiratory bronchioles?
Simple squamous
Type I alveolar cell: cell type and function?
Simple squamous
Function: creates alveolar wall
Type II alveolar cell function?
Makes surfactant (decrease surface tension)
What are two benefits of capillaries being located close to squamous epithelium cell of the alveoli?
1) more SA for gas diffusion
2) minimizes distance gas must travel
