Lecture 25 Flashcards
What are the 5 behaviours of an ideal gas
- Particles are in random motion
- Negligible particle volume
- Particles collide with each other, and container walls
- Particles move independently, and experience no interparticle forces
- Constant total energy
How is kinetic energy related to temperature
KE is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas
*KE of an ideal gas ONLY depends on its temperature
What type of pressure does a particle exert when it hits a wall
Momentary pressure. Force/area
What is the formula for one particle moving in 1D
P = mu1^2/V
(Mass x velocity^2) / volume
What is the formula for a large number of particles moving in 3D
P=1/3 NmU^2/V
What is important when calculating Urms
Changing g to kg
Divide by 1000
What makes particles move faster
High Urms, if the are light (small M), and high T
What does temperature in a gas measure
The degree of random motion
What does zero temperature mean
All molecular motion would stop at absolute zero
What does the most probable speed do
Increases with temperature
*on graph, the highest temp will have the fastest speed
What is the compressibility factor for an ideal gas
PV/nRT = 1
Compare ideal & non ideal gas behaviour
Ideal: low P, high T
Non-ideal: high P, low T
What does it mean if PV/RT is higher than 1
The effect of particle volume predominates
What does it mean if PV/RT is less than 1
The effect of interparticle attractions predominates
What 2 things occur in real gases that violates KMT
- Particles in a real gas experience weak interparticle attractions
- Particles in a real gas occupy a finite volume
