Lecture 24 - Excretion of Nitrogen Flashcards
Name the 4 major end products end products of nitrogen metabolism.
- Urea
- Creatinine
- Ammonium ion
- Uric acid
What are the two enzymatic reactions required for renal ammoniagenesis?
- Glutamine –> glutamate
2. Glutamate –> a-ketoglurate
What catalyzes the reaction between glutamine –> glutamate?
glutaminase
What catalyzes the reaction between glutamate –> a-ketoglutarate?
glutamate dehydrogenase
Renal glutaminase is induced in response to ______.
acidosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes increased ____________.
ammoniagenesis
Ammoniagenesis facilitates _______ secretion by tubular cells.
proton
Problems with the TCA cycle, or conversion of pyruvate to ________ would lead to increased ammonia genesis.
Acetyl-CoA
Increases in renal ammoniagenesis can result in _________ in gluconeogenesis.
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. No change
A
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome is a partial deficiency in _________ characterized by elevated uric acid and uncontrolled muscular movements.
A. HGPRT
B. PRPP Synthetase
C. Glucose-6-phosphatase
A
The end product of purine catabolism is ________.
uric acid
_____________ requires an aminotransferase and a transmethylase, as well as SAM as a methyl carrier.
A. Creatinine
B. Creatine
B
____________ is generated from a non-enzymatic spntaneous cyclization of creatine, or creatine phosphate requiring arginine, glycine, and SAM.
A. Creatinine
B. Creatine
A
Which is built through addition of carbons?
A. Creatinine
B. Creatine
C. Both
B
Which is a change of formation via hydrolysis?
A. Creatinine
B. Creatine
C. Both
A
