Lecture 23

Question 1

What is one of the antigens on human cells? Info about

Answer 1

a oligosaccharide which varies in individuals because of different of the enzyme that synthesize the oligosaccharide.

• core structure is the H antigen
• one version of an enzyme that adds an additonal sugar is the “a” enzyme that adds GalNAc
• another version of the enzyme is the “B” enzyme that adds Gal

Question 2

Type O

Answer 2

only the H antigen present

• antibodies will be raised agains both A and B antigens if a patient receives blood type A, B, or AB
• Universal donor

Question 3

Type A

Answer 3

-A antigen present
-antibodies will be raised agains the B antigen if a patient receives blood type B or AB
-

Question 4

Type B

Answer 4

• B antigen present

- antibodies will be raised against the A antigen if a patient receives blood type A or AB

Question 5

Type AB

Answer 5

both antigens present

• no antibodies raised
• universal recipient

Question 6

What happens if you give O blood to a AB individual

Answer 6

Type A, B, or AB still have some H antigen present because the addition of GalNAc and Gal is incomplete thus there is no antibody raised against the H antigen

Question 7

Cerebrosides

Answer 7

one monoaccaride attached by b glycosidic linkge to the C-1 atom of a ceramide

Question 8

Gangliosides

Answer 8

complex oligosaccharides attached to a creamed

Question 9

LPSs

Answer 9

Lipopolysaccharides

• the dominant surface feature of the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria (E. Coli)
• the carbohydrate portion is the main antigen recognized in human cells
• serotypes of bacteria are distinguished by their carbohydrate antigens