lecture 23

Question 1

Which process is characterized by an inflammatory response?

Answer 1

Necrosis

Question 2

True or false? Apoptosis is executed via specific signaling pathways.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Are these characteristics of apoptosis or necrosis: nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation, intracellular contents contained within cell, membrane blebbing

Answer 3

apoptosis

Question 4

What happens to the apoptotic bodies that are formed?

Answer 4

they are engulfed by resident macrophages or neighboring cells

Question 5

True or false? Apoptosis in involved in the development of the nervous system.

Answer 5

Ture

Question 6

Is cancer associated with too much or too little apoptosis?

Answer 6

Too little

Question 7

Is Alzheimer’s disease associated with too much or too little apoptosis?

Answer 7

Too much, and so is Parkinson’s disease

Question 8

Is an autoimmune disease associated with too much or too little apoptosis?

Answer 8

Both ; there is too much apoptosis of the healthy tissue and not enough apoptosis of the immune cells

Question 9

Is ischemic disease (like an MI) associated with too much or too little apoptosis?

Answer 9

Too much

Question 10

Is a stroke associated with too much or too little apoptosis?

Answer 10

Too much; Note: you also have necrosis here

Question 11

What are 5 external stimuli that can induce apoptosis?

Answer 11

withdrawal of growth factors, cytokines, detachment from extracellular matrix, cytotoxic T cells, various toxins

Question 12

What are 2 internal stimuli that can induce apoptosis?

Answer 12

DNA damage & mitochondrial dysfunction

Question 13

Can a specific stimulus induce apoptosis in every cell type?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

How are caspases (type of proteases) typically activated?

Answer 14

Cleavage