Lecture 23

Question 1

fluid component of blood; can be up to 55% of the total blood volume

Answer 1

plasma

Question 2

the most common cell components of blood; average adult hematocrit is around 45%; anucleated

Answer 2

erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Question 3

less than 1% of circulating blood volume; nucleated

Answer 3

leukocytes (white blood cells)

Question 4

smallest cellular component of blood; fragments of megakaryocytes

Answer 4

platelets

Question 5

makes up of about 90% of plasma

Answer 5

water

Question 6

make up 0.9% and sodium predominates

Answer 6

salts

Question 7

make up 9% of plasma

Answer 7

proteins

Question 8

make up 0.1% of plasma; contains vitamins, minerals, glucose and amino acids as nutrients and urea, uric acid and creatinine as waste products

Answer 8

nutrients and waste

Question 9

no granules in their cytoplasm and their nuclei fairly normal in shape

Answer 9

agranulocytes

Question 10

two types of agranulocytes

Answer 10

monocytes and lymphocytes

Question 11

largest of all leukocytes; 3-8% of total circulating WBCs; increase in number in response to inflammation and viral infection

Answer 11

monocytes

Question 12

smallest leukocytes; 25-35% of total circulating WBCs; part of lymphoid series; all look like but play very different roles; divided into b cells (plasma cells) and t cells (cytotoxic cells); increase in number in response to acute infection

Answer 12

lymphocytes

Question 13

have granules in their cytoplasm and are defined by how these granules stain; nuclei are polymorphic (weird);

Answer 13

granulocytes

Question 14

three types of granulocytes

Answer 14

eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils

Question 15

unstained granule; 60-70% of all WBCs; part myeloid series; increase in number in response to bacterial infection (neutrophilia)

Answer 15

neutrophil

Question 16

red granules; 2-4% of circulating WBCs; part of myeloid series; cell count increases with allergies, parasitic infections and menstrual cycle

Answer 16

eosinophil

Question 17

blue granules; less than 1% of total WBCs; part of myeloid series; never found in any large numbers; secrete histamine (attracts leukocytes) and heparin (prevents clot formation)

Answer 17

basophil

Question 18

average platelet count is from 130,00 to 400,000/mm^3; extremely small; not truly cells but fragments of a megakaryocyte

Answer 18

thrombocytes (platelets)