Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology II > Lecture 22 - Male Reproduction > Flashcards

Lecture 22 - Male Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

each lobule of the testes has loops of

A

seminiferous tubules where spermatozoa mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

in the testes, sperm move through

A

rete testis and efferent ductules to reach the epididymis for packaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the seminiferous tubules are composed of

A

sertoli cells which nurture sperm and the developing sperm are in this location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

in the space around the seminiferous tubules in the testes

A

are leydig cells which produce testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 3 stages of spermatogenesis

A

mitosis & meiosis
packaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where does mitotis and meiosis occur

A

in seminiferous tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when do mitosis and meiosis start

A

at puberty: testosterone dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what happens during packaging?

A

final maturation of sperm: acquisition of motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where does packaging occur

A

epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mitosis of male reproduction results in

A

2 diploid cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

meiosis of male reproduction results in

A

4 haploid cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the midpiece of sperm contain

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the head of the sperm contain

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

mitosis occus in the

A

outer/basal compartment of the seminiferous tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

meiosis occurs in the

A

inner/adluminal compartment of seminiferous tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what separates the outer/basal compartment and the inner/adluminal compartment

A

tight junctions aka blood-testes barrier

17
Q

function of sertoli cells

A

nurture sperm
phagocyte defective sperm
secrete luminal fluid
during the embryonic life secrete muellerian inhibiting substance
secrete inhibin
secrete paracrine agents modulating release of T from leydig cells
respond to T and FSH
produce androgen binding protein
contain aromatase

18
Q

steps of packaging

A
  1. pressure of luminal fluid within ST moves sperm towards epididymis
  2. in the E. most the ST fluid is reabsorbed and high T favors maturation
  3. 90% of semen volume derives from accessory glands
19
Q

edididymis

A

tube of SM lined with secretory epithelium
* site of final maturation; extensive remodeling
* spermatozoa become motile
* seminiferous fluid absorbed; concentrations sperm 100 fold
* requires high T in epididymal fluids
* stored for a few days
* packaging takes about 14 days

20
Q

vas deferens

A
  • delivers sperm to abdominal cavity
  • sperm stored in ampulla of vas deferens until ejaculation
21
Q

accessory glands: seminal vesicles

A

seminal vesicles:
* empty in vas deferens
* contribute to 60% of total sperm volume
* function: dilutes sperm, provide nutrients and buffering
* composition: vit C, prostaglandins, fibrinogen, fructose buffering agents

22
Q

accessory glands: prostate

A

prostate
* surrounds ejaculatory duct and urethra
* function: provides enzymes and factors that favor the motility, contribute to buffering
* composition: Zn, prostatic acid phosphataase, prostatic specific agents (PSA) -> indicate health of prostate

23
Q

accessory glands: bulbourethral glands

A

bulbourethral glands
* at basis of penis
* produce a mucus-like substance prior to ejaculation
* function: clean up urethra and lubrication

24
Q

FSH receptors are restricted to

A

sertoli cells

25
Q

FSH sensitizes Sertoli cells to

A

testosterone

26
Q

FSH also stimulates

A
  • inhibin and ABP synthesis
  • formation of tight junctions
  • synthesis of seminiferous fluid
27
Q

androgen synthesis occurs in

A

testes and adrenal gland

28
Q

80% of estrogens in males derives from

A

T. conversion in peripheral tissues

29
Q

20% of T. is converted in

A

E2 in testes

30
Q

estrogen is involved in

A

formation-breakdown of bones

31
Q

estrogens together with androgens mgith play a role in the growth of

A

prostate -> benign prostate hypertrophy

w/age, male body makes more E and more receptors for androgens in prosta

32
Q

prolactin functions in males

A
  • permissive of LH-stimulated T synthesis
  • increases # of androgen receptors on accessory glands, favoring their development
33
Q

high prolactin inhibits

A

GnRH release which then decreaes FSH/LH secretion and decreases T

34
Q

andropause

A

reduction in testicular fxn related to age.
* decrease T
* increase LH/FSH
* decrease spermatogenesis
* starts at age 60-70

35
Q

symptoms of androgen deficiency

A
  • decreased hemoglobin
  • decreased hematocrit
  • muscle weakness
  • decreased libido
  • decreased sperm count and energy
  • altered mood
  • hot flashes
36
Q

testosterone replacement therapy AE

A
  • increased hematocrit/hemoglobin
  • fluid retention
  • prostatic enlargement
  • gynecomastia
  • heart attack
  • obstructive sleep apnea
  • possibly liver toxicity

Physiology II (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions