Lecture 2.1 Cell Division and Life Cycle

Question 1

What is the Hierarchy of Life?

Answer 1

• The Biosphere
• Ecosystem
• Communities
• Population
• Multi-cellular organisms
• Cells

* The first four are called Diversity & Ecology

Question 2

How do cells, the lowest level of biological organization arise?

Answer 2

They arose by division from previous living cell *parent cell divides creating two or more daughter cells

Question 3

What is the purpose of cell division?

Answer 3

Development, Growth, Repair & Reproduction

Question 4

Mitosis?

Answer 4

Asexual reproduction producing genetically identical cells

Question 5

Meiosis?

Answer 5

Reproductive cells (Egg and Sperm) producing genetically unique cells

Question 6

What is a cell composed of?

Answer 6

• Chromosomes
• DNA(deoxyribonucleix acid)
• Genes

Question 7

Genes?

Answer 7

Distinct portion of DNA molecule, that code for specific traits.

Question 8

Ploidy?

Answer 8

Noumber of pairs of chromosomes in a cell(n)

Haploid (1n)

Diploid (2n)

Polyploid- more then two pairs

Question 9

Somatic Cells?

Answer 9

All body cells except reproducitve cells

• undergo Mitosis
• daughter cells are genetically identical to parent cell

Question 10

Gamete Cells

Answer 10

Reproductive cells such as eggs and sperm

AKA: gametes

• parent cells divide into 4 daughter cells (meiosis)
• each daughter cell has half the chromosomes of the parent cell
• they are genetically different from parent cell
• union of two gametes is called fertilization