Lecture 21

Question 1

this begins as a node of cells located on the ventral surface of the pharynx between the first and second pairs of pharyngeal arches

Answer 1

thyroid gland

Question 2

the cells that make up the thyroid node express what transcription factors?

Answer 2

Hhex, Nkx2-1, Pax8 and Foxe1

Question 3

the opening of the thyroid diverticulum is a small pit at the base of the tongue called the

Answer 3

foramen cecum

Question 4

this is a derivation of the hypophysis and forms the posterior pituitary

Answer 4

infundibular process

Question 5

this derivation of the hypophysis is stimulated by BMP4 followed by FGF8 and forms a cup like structure that attaches to the infundibular process (outer layer of cup will form the anterior pituitary)

Answer 5

rathke’s pouch

Question 6

primordia of the tongue consists of 3 components during week 5

Answer 6

lateral lingual swellings, tubercular impar and copula

Question 7

what is located between the tuberculum impar and the copula

Answer 7

foramen cecum

Question 8

in the patterning of the gut in order to repress the foregut and maintain the hindgut what genes work to repress?

Answer 8

FGF, BMP, Wnts and RA

Question 9

what genes do the foregut and hindgut express?

Answer 9

Cdx-2 (Hot gene expression), Pdx-1 (midgut), FGF-10 (cecum)

Question 10

in the development of the esophagus, at 5 weeks the smooth muscle is ___ and at 8 weeks the smooth muscles is ___

Answer 10

circular, longitudinal

Question 11

at 8 weeks the esophagus is made up of __ __ epithelia, and at 16 weeks it is made up of __ __ epithelium

Answer 11

stratified columnar, stratified squamous