Lecture 21

Question 1

What are the synaptic sites of action for a drug that would affect NT function?

Answer 1

Pre-synaptic receptors
Post-synaptic receptors
Uptake
Metabolic enzymes

Question 2

What is a common test model for anxiety in mice?

Answer 2

The elevated cross model

Question 3

How much of the US population suffers from some form of anxiety?

Answer 3

28.5%

Question 4

Give examples of anxiety disorders

Answer 4

Generalised anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Phobias
OCD
PTSD

Question 5

What is the main type of anxiolytic?

Answer 5

Benzodiazepines

Question 6

How do benzodiazepines work in anxiety?

Answer 6

They bind to an alternative site on the GABAa receptor to potentiate the effect of GABA

Question 7

Give an example of a benzodiazepine with sustained action

Answer 7

Diazepam (Valium)

Question 8

Give an example of a benzodiazepine with shorter action

Answer 8

Lorazepam

Question 9

Why aren’t benzodiazepines used to treat anxiety long term?

Answer 9

They are very rapidly acting however tolerance and dependence builds quickly over 2 weeks

Question 10

What are the effects of benzodiazepines?

Answer 10

Reduces anxiety and aggression
Sedation and induction of sleep
Reduction of muscle and liver co-ordination
Can cause amnesia

Question 11

What is a commonly used long term treatment for anxiety?

Answer 11

Anti-depressants

Question 12

What are the main class of hypnotics?

Answer 12

Benzodiazepines

Question 13

Give an example of a hypnotic benzodiazepine

Answer 13

Nitrazepam

Question 14

Give an example of a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic

Answer 14

Zalepan (sonata)

Question 15

Give an example of a non-bzd anxiolytic and how does it work?

Answer 15

Buspirane (Busper) which is a serotonin receptor agonist

Question 16

What is commonly used to treat the side effects of the stress in anxiety?

Answer 16

Beta blockers e.g. Propanolol

Question 17

What are rhe 2 main classes of therapeutic drugs in the CNS?

Answer 17

Neurological (brain)

Psychotropic (mind)