Lecture 20

Question 1

What is an immune synapse?

Answer 1

stable, flattened interface between a lymphocyte and any cell they are in the process of recognizing

Question 2

What is the area of interface on an immune synapse called? What does it consist of?

Answer 2

SMAC (supra molecular activation complex)
- TCR, CD3 signalling protein, CD4/CD8, CD28 or ICOS co-stimulatory proteins

Question 3

What is a p-SMAC?

Answer 3

peripheral SMAC– lots of adhesion proteins such as integrins that stabilize the interaction

Question 4

What cell is the most potent activator of naive AB T cells?

Answer 4

Dendritic

Question 5

What are the five types of CD4 T cells?

Answer 5

Th1, Th2, Th17, Tfh, Treg

Question 6

What are the features of Th1 cells? (cytokines produced and role)

Answer 6

• IFN-y
• activate macrophages

Question 7

What are the features of Th2 cells? (cytokines produced and role)

Answer 7

• IL-4 and IL-5
• activate cellular and antibody mediated responses to parasitic infections

Question 8

What are the features of Th17 cells? (cytokines produced and role)

Answer 8

• promote neutrophil migration to sites of infection (lots in mucosal tissues)
• IL-17 and IL-22

Question 9

What are the features of Tfh cells? (cytokines produced and role)

Answer 9

• IL-21
• Activate B cells so that the B cells can produce high-affinity, class switched antibodies

Question 10

What are the features of Treg cells?

Answer 10

• nTreg develop in thymus and iTreg develop in the periphery from naive CD4 T cells

Question 11

What would influence the type of cytokines that the dendritic cell would provide
during CD4 T cell activation?

Answer 11

• signalling through PRR– different ligands activate different pathways
• the type of signalling that the DC gives to the T cell decides what kind of T cell its going to be