Lecture 2 - Variants of Normal Anatomy

Question 1

Tori

Answer 1

benign growths of normal compact bone in midline of hard palate or lingual surface of mandible, usually bilateral, and growth is slow overtime
No Tx unless interferes with function.

Question 2

Exostosis

Answer 2

benign growths of normal compact bone NOT in midline of hard palate or lingual surface of mandible, and growth is slow overtime
No Tx unless interferes with function.

Question 3

Fordyce Granules

Answer 3

Normal, ectopic sebaceous glands on oral mucosa, most frequent on the buccal mucosa or lips.
Yellow-white papular lesions
80% of people after puberty
Adults >> kids
No Tx

Question 4

Physiologic pigmentation

Answer 4

Increased melanocytic pigmentation of the oral mucosa
Should be multifocal and homogeonous
More common in people with dark skin
No Tx

Question 5

Retrocuspid Papilla

Answer 5

Sessile nodules on the lingual gingiva of the mandibular cuspids
Kids&raquo_space; adults
Normally bilateral
No Tx

Question 6

Lingual Varicosities

Answer 6

Prominent veins on ventral and lateral tongue
Bluish-purple, elevated
Blanching
Most common in pts > 60yo
No Tx

Question 7

Linea Alba

Answer 7

Horizontal white line plaque along buccal mucosa at occlusal plane or lateral aspect of tongue
Related to bruxism
Usually bilateral
No Tx

Question 8

Moriscatio

Answer 8

Chronic cheek chewing of buccal mucosa
Hyperkeratosis (white), erythematous, thinned epithelium
Bilateral
Poorly defined borders, looks chewed
No Tx

Question 9

Leukoedema

Answer 9

Generalized white opalescence of the mucosa
Most commonly the buccal mucosa and floor of mouth
Liquid build up in epithelium
Most common in African Americans and smokers
Disappears when mucosa is stretched
No Tx

Question 10

Median Rhomboid Glossitis

Answer 10

Diamond shape, midline of dorsal tongue
Flat, slightly raised, erythematous
Not present at birth
No Tx

Question 11

Benign Migratory Glossitis

Answer 11

Geographic tongue
Erythema migrans
Immune-mediated (PMNs in epithelium)
Erythematous patches incompletely bordered by white-yellow periphery
Most commonly involved dorsal, lateral, or ventral tongue

Question 12

Fissured Tongue

Answer 12

Cracked appearance of dorsal tongue

No Tx

Question 13

Hairy Tongue

Answer 13

Coated hyperkeratotic elongation of filiform palliae on dorsal tongue
White or discolored
No Tx - grows back if scraped or brushed aggressively
Do NOT confuse with leukoplakia

Question 14

Circumvallate Papillae

Answer 14

Linear arrangement of prominent papules of posterior dorsal tongue
V-shaped, bilateral
No Tx

Question 15

Ankyloglossia

Answer 15

“Tongue-Tied”
Affect 1-4% of neonates (M:F, 4:1)
Can contribute to developing an anterior open bite, impede swallowing, speech defects
Most cases resolve, some need frenulectomy (wait until 4-5yo b/c tongue still growing)