Lecture 2: Organization of the NS Flashcards
comprised of: neuron cell bodies, glia and schwann cells, dendrites, axon terminals (boutons), and unmyelinated fibers
grey matter
comprised of: bundles of myelinated (which gives white color) axons
white matter
nucleus : nerve cell bodies in the CNS :: ___ : nerve cell bodies outside the CNS
ganglion
terms that refer to nerve cell bodies
lamina, body (corpora), cortex, formation, horn, center
terms that refer to fiber pathways
tract, fasciculus, brachium, peduncle, capsule, lemniscus, commissure, ansa
a crossing over or intersection of parts; an example is the ___ of the pyramids in the lower medulla
decussation
CNS (central nervous system) : brain and spinal cord :: ___ : neural parts outside of the CNS
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
encephalon, cerebrum, cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, limbic lobe
structures / divisions of the CNS
gyrus : visual fold of tissue :: sulcus / ___ : grooves
fissure
Brodmann areas 44 and 45 which play a role in fluent, well-articulated speech are also known as ___’s area
Broca
frontal lobe : most anterior :: occipital lobe : most ___
posterior
parietal lobe : superior to sylvian fissure :: temporal lobe : ___ to sylvian fissure
inferior
lobe involved with language (left), motor planning, and executive functioning
frontal lobe
lobe involved with language (left), sensation, and spacial information
parietal lobe
lobe involved with auditory processing and semantic memory
temporal lobe
lobe involved with processing visual information
occipital lobe
cerebral connection fibers (COM-ASS-PRO)
commissural fibers (connect one hemisphere with other), associated fibers (connect portions of same hemisphere), projection fibers (long pathway connecting CC to lower NS)
cortex found in pre central gyrus (BA 4) in frontal lobe; sends signal for execution of voluntary motor movements - somatotopically organized (homunculus)
primary motor cortex
cortex found in post central gyrus (BA 1, 2, & 3) in parietal lobe; receptor for bodily sensations - somatotopically organized
primary somatosensory cortex
cortex found in Heschl’s gyrus (BA 41 & 42) in temporal lobe; processes incoming sound - tonotopically organized
primary auditory cortex
cortex found along calcimine fissure (BA 17) in occipital lobe; processes visual signals - retinotopically organized
primary visual cortex
higher order processing cortex which takes info from primary sensory cortex (temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes) to performs additional processing; also, ___ cortex flows backward when sending information to primary motor cortex in the frontal lobe so that final execution commands may be sent out
association cortex
primary sensory cortex : temporal-parietal-occipital :: primary ___ cortex : frontal
motor
unimodal association cortex : one sensory attribute processed :: ___ association cortex : two sensory attributes processed
polymodal
