Lecture 1: Terminology and Neurodiagnostic Work Flashcards
___ : to the front :: posterior : to the back
anterior
___ : upper :: inferior : lower
superior
medial : towards midline :: ___ : furthest from midline
lateral
ventral : towards belly :: ___ : towards sky
dorsal
___ : towards snout :: caudal : towards tail
rostral
anterior = rostral posterior = caudal superior = dorsal inferior = ventral
choose: when structures are ( above / below ) the midbrain
above
anterior = ventral posterior = dorsal superior = rostral inferior = caudal
choose: when structures are ( above / below ) the midbrain
below
true or false: the human brain is perpendicular in relationship to the spinal cord, which is why the anatomical directions (rostral, dorsal, ventral, and caudal) vary
true
splits into left and right portions
sagittal plane
___ planes are parallel to the floor
horizontal
splits into front and back portions
coronal plane
unilateral : one side :: ___ : two sides
bilateral
___ : same side :: contralateral :: opposite side
ipsilateral
what is CT?
computed tomography: uses x-ray technique to produce detailed images of “slices” of brain tissue or other organs
strengths of CT
least expensive; good at assessing bone and can detect brain hemorrhage
weaknesses of CT
cannot distinguish grey vs. white matter; cannot detect small strokes
what is MRI?
magnetic resonance imaging: radiofrequency and magnetic waves to produce an image
strengths of MRI
low risk to patients; clearer imaging; can distinguish between grey and white matter
weaknesses of MRI
claustrophobia; also cannot be used for patents with metal implants or those who cannot remain still
true or false: CTs are more detailed and more easily distinguishable than MRIs
false
