Lecture 2: Organ Systems and Homeostasis Flashcards
Skeletal system is divided into how many parts?
- Axial and Appendicular skeleton
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
Skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
Scapula
Clavicle
Arm bones
Pelvic Girdle (Ilium, Ischium, Pubis)
Leg bones
What is a integumentary system?
Consists of an outer body covering (skin) which protects deeper tissues from injury
What is the function of muscular system?
Allows for movement which consists of origin (immovable) and insertion (movable) bone.
What is the function of the nervous system?
Provides communication and maintains homeostasis. Consists of central nervous system (brain/spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (all nerves/sensory organs)
What is the function of the endocrine system?
Produces chemical messages (hormones) which respond to environment stimuli.
What is the function of cardiovascular system?
Distribute oxygen/nutrients and remove wastes
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
Picks up lost fluids and transports to bloodstream. Distribution of lipids across the body and formation of white blood cells.
What is the function of the digestive system?
Breaks down food into absorbable units and eliminate wastes.
What is the function of the urinary system?
Filter blood continuously and adjust levels of water, ions and tonicity.
What is the function of the reproductive system?
Production of offspring.
What is considered an external environment?
Exposed to the outside of the body (air in lungs, gastrointestinal tract)
What are the five survival needs of the human body?
- Nutrients
- Oxygen
- Water
- Normal Body Temperature
- Atmospheric Pressure (exchange of gases effectively)
What is present in the internal environment?
Extracellular fluid (blood plasma)
Interstitial fluid (surrounding tissue cells)
Intercellular fluid (within cells)
How does homeostasis play an impact on the following organ systems?
Nervous system
Cardiovascular system
Integumentary system
Muscular system
Nervous - hypothalamus is temperature control
Cardiovascular - Dilation or constriction of blood vessels
Integumentary - Sweat or goose bumps
Muscular system - shivering
Difference between nervous system and endocrine system communication?
Nervous system - Electrical impulse release neurotransmitters through synapses.
Endocrine system - Hormones are sent across the bloodstream.
