Lecture 2- mental disorders Flashcards
what are mental disorders not independent from?
culture and society
what are the two main classification systems?
ICD- world health organization
DSM- Ameican psychology association
what do the two main classification systems reflect? and what did they used to reflect?
the medical model
and -previously psychoanalytic influences
what 3 concepts does the medical model reflect?
1) illnesses are distinguishable
2) occur independently- specific causes
3) respond to specific treatment
what is the goal of medical classification?
diagnosis based on known causation
when does a syndrome become a disease?
when the cause is discovered
what was the hypothesized cause of hysteria?
uterus being dry- (hypocrates)
when did the biological model arise and by who?
1850’s by Louis Pasteur
what are the 2 main underlying causes in the medical model of illness?
bacterial and viral infections
eventually mental illness will be categorized into these 3 causes:
- localised brain damage
- toxins
- heredity
what would having categories of causes lead to?
effective prevention and treatment
what happened in the early 20th century in terms of progress in treatment?
slowed- harmful treatments such as lobotomy
what role did Freud have in the concept of mental illness?
he revolutionized it - no clear divide between normal and abnormal > a dimension
conditions other than psychotic states > neuroses
what was the DSM 1 (1952) and 2 (1968) influenced by ?
psychoanalytic theory
what does inter rater reliability mean?
can we all agree on the diagnosis?
