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Physiology I > Lecture 2 (Membrane Transport) > Flashcards

Lecture 2 (Membrane Transport) Flashcards

1
Q

Glucose transporters (GLUT transporter) employ which kind of transport?

A

Facilitated diffusion

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2
Q

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of which kind of transport?

A

Primary active transport

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3
Q

In secondary active transport is ATP involved

A

it is only involved initially

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4
Q

The sodium-glucose pump is an example of which kind of transport

A

Secondary active transport

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5
Q

If you see the word pump what can you assume

A

That ATP/energy is involved at some point

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6
Q

The sodium-calcium pump is an example of what kind of transport

A

Secondary active transport

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7
Q

what is kinetic energy

A

The energy the body possesses due to motion

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8
Q

what is thermal energy

A

The energy the body possess due to heat

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9
Q

What is diffusion

A

The continued movement of molecules among one another. leads to movement from high conc. to low conc

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10
Q

What is osmosis

A

The net movement of water caused by differences in water concentration

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11
Q

How are diffusion and osmosis related to semipermeable membranes

A

Concentration gradients can allow some molecules, such as water, to go through the membrane in order to decrease the concentration on the other side. meanwhile other molecules are not able to pass through the membrane

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12
Q

What is osmotic pressure

A

The amount of pressure that is needed to stop osmosis

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13
Q

what is the equation for effective osmotic pressure

A

effective osmotic pressure=osmotic pressure x reflection coefficient

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of energy independent transports

A

diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

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15
Q

what is typically a ligand molecule

A

Steroid or hormone

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16
Q

what are the types of gated channels

A

ligand gated and voltage gated

17
Q

What are the two types of energy dependent transports

A

Active: primary and secondary

18
Q

what does Primary active transport require

A

ATPases

19
Q

What does secondary active transport require

A

Multiporter

20
Q

What are the two forms of multiporter

A

Symporter (cotransporters)

Antiporters (countertransporters or exchangers)

21
Q

GLUT transports employ which type of transport

A

Facilitated diffusion

22
Q

The sodium potassium pump is an example of which of the following kinds of transport

A

Primary active transport

23
Q

Name 3 types of non-gated channels

A

aquaporins
potassium channels with selectivity filters with carbonyl oxygens
sodium channels

24
Q

Name two types of gated channels

A

voltage gated

ligand gated

25
Q

Active transport

A

movement of particles against a concentration/electrochemical gradient (uphill)

26
Q

Primary active transport

A

energy is derived directly from breakdown of ATP

Utilizes ATPase transporters

27
Q

Secondary transport

A

Energy is derived secondarily form concentration differences of molecular or ionic substances created originally by primary active transport
Utilizes multiporters

28
Q

In secondary active transport does atleast one of the solutes move down its electrochemical gradient while one or more of the other solutes moves up its electrochemical gradient

A

Yes

29
Q

Active transport always occurs when ______

A

a substance moves up its electrochemical gradient

30
Q

why does it take three sodium ions per calcium in an antiporter

A

calcium has a larger electrochemical gradient and is also larger than sodium therefore it takes 3 Na to move 1 calcium

31
Q

When does the sodium potassium pump become active

A

when 2 potassium ions bind to the outside of the large subunit of the carrier protein and 3 sodium ions bind to the inside of the large subunit, the ATPase function of the protein becomes activated

32
Q

can the sodium potassium pump run in reverse

A

yes! it can be used to generate ATP or pump the ions in opposite directions, depending on the relative concentrations of ATP, ADP, Phosphate, sodium, and potassium ions

33
Q

The sodium gradient that allows secondary active transport to function is produced by

A

primary active transport of sodium to the outside of the cell.

34
Q

Sodium glucose pump is an example of what

A

secondary active transport that uses a simperer

35
Q

The Na-H and Na-Ca use what kind of transport

A

secondary active transport counter-transport

36
Q

do we have any way to actively transport water

A

No! what tends to follow concentration gradients thus it moves with the ions

37
Q

Name some ions that are typically pumped with primary active transport

A

sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, hydrogen

38
Q

Primary active transport requires what

A

Carrier proteins. Typically ATPase pumps

Physiology I (8 decks)

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