Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immunology > Lecture 2: Introduction to Innate Immunity > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Introduction to Innate Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

PAMPs of Gram-Negative Bac

A

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Porin
Lipoprotein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PAMPs of Gram-Positive Bac

A

Peptidoglycan
Lipoteichoic acid
Teichoic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PAMPs of Mycobacteria

A

Lipoarabinomannan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PAMPs of Fungi

A

Mannoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

General properties of PRRs

A

Specificity: For structures shared by classes of microbes (“molecular patterns”) Different microbes, identical mannose receptors

Receptors: TLRs, N-formylmethionyl receptor, Mannose receptor

Distribution of receptors: Nonclonal; identical receptors on all cells in same lineage

Discrimination of self vs nonself: Yes; host cells not recognized or express molecules that prevent innate immune rxns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TLR1:TLR2 heterodimer

A

Ligands: Lipopeptides & GPI

  • Bacteria
  • Parasites (trypanosomes)

Cells that carry receptor: Macrophages, DC, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells

Receptor on PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer

A

Ligands: Lipoteichoic acid & Zymosan

  • Gram (+) Bac
  • Yeasts
  • Fungi

Cells that carry receptor: Macrophages, DCs, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells

Receptor on PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TLR3

A

Ligand: double stranded viral RNA
-Viruses (West Nile Virus)

Cells that carry receptor: NK cells

Receptor in endosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TLR4:TLR4 homodimer

A

Ligand: Lipopolysaccharides
-Gram (-) Bac

Cells that carry receptor: Macrophages, DCs, mast cell, eosinophils

Receptor on PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TLR5

A

Ligand: Flagellin
-Motile bac having a flagellum

Cells that carry receptor: Intestinal epithelium

Receptor on PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TLR7

A

Ligand: Single stranded viral RNA
-Viruses (HIV)

Cells that carry receptor: Plasmacytoid DCs, NK cells, eosinophils, B cells

Receptor in endosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TLR8

A

Ligand: Single stranded viral RNA
-Viruses (Influenza)

Cells that carry receptor: NK cells

Receptor in endosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TLR9

A

Ligand: Unmethylated Cpg-rich DNA

  • Bac
  • Virus (Herpes virus)

Cells that carry receptor: Plasmacytoid DCs,, B cells, eosinophils, basophils

Receptor in endosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TLR2

A

Ligand: Peptidoglycan
-Gram (+) Bac

Receptor on PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

TLR4

A

Ligand: LPS
-Gram (-) Bac

Receptor on PM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Role of PRRs in Phagocytosis

A

Microbe binds to phagocyte receptors

  • Mannose receptor
  • MAC-1 integrin
  • Scavenger receptor

Phagosome –> phagolysosome

Phagocyte oxidase used for O2 –> ROS
Nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS; inducible) converts Arg –> NO

17
Q

Cytokines produced by immune cells

A

Mediate:
Inflammation
Hematopoiesis
Immunity

Pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory

18
Q

Function of Chemoattractants

A

Trafficking immune cells

19
Q

TNF

A

Source: Macrophages, T cells

Endothelial cells: Activation (inflammation, coagulation)
Neutrophils: activation
Hypothalamus: Fever
Liver: Synthesis of APP
Muscle: Fat catabolism
Many cell types: Apotosis
20
Q

IL-1

A

Source: Macrophages, endothelial cells, some epithelial cells

Endothelial cells: Activation (inflammation, coagulation)
Hypothalamus: Fever
Liver: Synthesis of APP

21
Q

Chemokines

A

Source: Macrophages, endothelial cells, T lymphocytes, fibroblasts, platelets

Leukocytes: chemotaxis, activation

22
Q

IL-12

A

Source: Macrophages, DCs

NK cells & T cells: IFN-y synthesis, increased cytotoxic activity
T cells: TH1 differentiation

23
Q

IFN-y

A

Source: NK cells, T lymphocytes

Activation of macrophages
Stimulation of some Ab responses

24
Q

Type I IFN (IFN-a & IFN-ß)

A

Source INF-a: Macrophages
Source IFN-ß: Fibroblasts

All cells: Antiviral state, increased class I MCH expression
NK cells: activation
25
Q

IL-10

A

Source: Macrophages, T cells (mainly TH2)

Macrophages: inhibition of IL-12 production, reduced expression of costimulators and class II MHC molecules

26
Q

IL-6

A

Source: Macrophages, endothelial cells, T cells

Liver: synthesis of APP
B cells: proliferation of Ab-producing cells

27
Q

IL-15

A

Source: Macrophages, others

NK cells: Proliferation
T cells: Proliferation

28
Q

IL-18

A

Source: Macrophages

NK cells & T cells: IFN-y synthesis

Immunology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions