Lecture 2: Food Choices and Human Health

Question 1

6 classes of nutrirents

Answer 1

water, 
carbohydrates, 
fat, 
protein, 
vitamins, 
minerals

Question 2

energy yielding (macronutrients)

Answer 2

carbs, fat, protein

Question 3

essential nutrients

Answer 3

nutrients that the body can’t make fast enough or enough of –> need to be obtained through food to prevent deficiencies

Question 4

Cal vs. kcal vs cal

Answer 4

Cal/kcal = kilocalorie; amount of heat needed to raise the temp of 1kg of water by 1 degree C
cal = amount of heat needed to raise the temp of 1g of water by 1 degree C

Question 5

nutrient density

Answer 5

the proportion of nutrients in food

Question 6

elemental diet

Answer 6

supplies all essential nutrients to those who can’t eat food; used for treatment of Crohn’s disease, SIBO, IBS
not intended to replace food long-term

Question 7

nonnutrients

Answer 7

compounds other than the 6 essential nutrients

Question 8

phytochemicals

Answer 8

non-nutrient compound the confer colour, taste, etc.

• flavonoid in fruit
• lycopene in tomatoes

Question 9

laboratory study

Answer 9

research conducted in a lab setting (blood tests, drug testing, special equipment and cells, etc.)

Question 10

case study

Answer 10

a process or record of research in which detailed consideration is given to the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time.

Question 11

epidemiological study

Answer 11

study of diseases in populations of humans or other animals

Question 12

intervention study

Answer 12

participants are assigned to groups that receive treatment or no treatment so researchers can evaluate the effects