Lecture 2 - Falak

Question 1

Define Psychology

Answer 1

the scientific study of behaviour; and their mental processes of living organisms (w the use of the scientific method)

Question 2

Define hypothesis

Answer 2

tentative explanation of why something happens

Question 3

Define empirical method

Answer 3

based on observation, including experimentation rather than a method based on forms of logical argument

Question 4

Who is considered to have established Psychology as a science?

Answer 4

Wilhelm Wundt - Father of Psychology

Question 5

What did Wundt study?

Answer 5

Structuralism

Question 6

Define Structuralism.

Answer 6

focuses on mental processes rather than their function

Question 7

How did Wundt view Psychology?

Answer 7

A study of conscious experience

Question 8

Define introspection

Answer 8

process where someone examines their own conscious experienced attempted objectively

Question 9

How was introspection studied?

Answer 9

Reaction times

Question 10

Who would ask this question: what is the conscious experience of anger?

Answer 10

Structuralist

Question 11

What is functionalism?

Answer 11

focused on how mental activities helped an organism fit into its environment

Question 12

Who is the father of Functionalism?

Answer 12

William James

Question 13

Who would ask this question: what biological function does consciousness serve?

Answer 13

Functionalist

Question 14

How did William James view Psychology?

Answer 14

to study the function of behavior in the world

Question 15

How is functionalism different from structuralism?

Question 16

How is functionalism similar to structuralism?

Question 17

What is Gestalt Psychology?

Answer 17

sensory experience can be broken down into individual parts, but the whole is what the individual experiences as perception

Question 18

What does Gesalt Psychology contrast?

Answer 18

Structuralism

Question 19

When did Gestalt Psychology orginate?

Answer 19

Early 20th Century

Question 20

what is the Psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 20

focuses on the role of a person’s unconscious & early childhood experiences

Question 21

Define the unconscious mind

Answer 21

a repository of feelings and urges of which we have no awareness

Question 22

Who are the major figures in Behaviorism?

Answer 22

Pavlov
Watson
Skinner

Question 23

Define Operant conditioning

Answer 23

Behaviors that result in a pleasant consequence will be repeated

Question 24

What is Humanism?

Answer 24

the perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good

Question 25

Who are the major figures in humanism?

Answer 25

Maslow Carl Rogers

Question 26

What & When was the Cognitive Revolution?

Answer 26

focused on how the brain processes information emphasizes on mental processes

Question 27

What are the contrasting branches of psychology compared to the historic ones?

Answer 27

feminist and multicultural

Question 28

Who was a major figure in Multicultural?

Answer 28

Cecil Sumner

Question 29

Define evolutionary psychology

Answer 29

focuses on long-term (ultimate) biological causes of behavior

Question 30

Define biopsychology

Answer 30

Interested in the brain and nervous system

Question 31

Define sensation and perception psychology

Answer 31

understanding what you hear and see; focused on how information from our sensory modalities is received, and how this information is transformed into our perceptual experiences of the world around us

Question 32

Define development psychology

Answer 32

focuses on development across a lifespan

Question 33

define personality psychology

Answer 33

focuses on patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique

Question 34

define social psychology

Answer 34

how the perceived presence of people influences us

Question 35

define clinical psychology

Answer 35

identification, diagnosis, treatment of mental disorders and other problematic behaviors

Question 36

What type of discipline is clinical?

Answer 36

Applied

Question 37

Which figures were apart of the experimental branch?

Answer 37

Von Helmholtz, Wundt, James, Gestalt

Question 38

Timeline for Branches of Psychology

Question 39

Which figures were apart of the behaviourism branch?

Answer 39

Skinner, Pavlov and Watson

Question 40

Which figures were apart of the clinical branch?

Answer 40

Freud

Question 41

Which figures were apart of the humanist branch?

Answer 41

Maslow, Carl Rogers

Question 42

What did freud do well?

Answer 42

Highlight childhood experiences Unconscious vs. conscious Acknowledged psychological problems as real Motivations can cause psychological conflict

Question 43

What is the skinner box?

Answer 43

chamber that allowed the careful study of the principles of modifying behavior through reinforcement and punishment

Question 44

Who is a major figure in feminist psychology?

Answer 44

karen horney

Question 45

Who would study the chemicals released by friendship?

Answer 45

biopsychologist

Question 46

Who would study the role friendship plays in survival?

Answer 46

evolutionary psychologist