Lecture 2 - diversity of life

Question 1

What are the characteristics of life? (8)

Answer 1

Cellular organisation, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, response to stimuli, growth/development, adaptation.
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Question 2

What scale are cells and organelles measured with?

Answer 2

Micrometres/microns (µm)

Question 3

What scale are subcellular components measured in?

Answer 3

Nanometres (nm)

Question 4

What are the requirements for natural selection/evolution? (4)

Answer 4

Variation, genetic inheritance, selection, time

Question 5

What are the three domains of life?

Answer 5

Bacteria, Eukarya, Archaea

Question 6

What is the endosymbiosis theory?

Answer 6

Mitochondria and chloropasts (organelles) were derived from bacteria and were absorbed in eukaryotes.

Question 7

What is a fundamental difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, in terms of organelles?

Answer 7

Eukaryotic cells have membrane enclosed organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 8

What type of cell do Bacteria and Archaea have?

Answer 8

Prokaryotic

Question 9

What type of cell do Eukarya have?

Answer 9

Eukaryotic

Question 10

What is the size of a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 10

10-100 micrometers

Question 11

What is the size of a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 11

5µm

Question 12

What is the size of a bacteria (prokaryotic cell)?

Answer 12

1-2µm