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Parasitology 2018 > Lecture 2: Cestodes > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Cestodes Flashcards

1
Q

cestodes are

A

tapeworms

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2
Q

phylum for tapeworms

A

platyhelminthes “flatworms” which includes trematodes “flukes” and cestodes “tapeworms”

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3
Q

Class Cestoda includes Orders

A

Cyclophyllidea “true tapeworms” like Dipylidium caninum

Pseudophyllidea “psuedotapeworms” like Spirometra mansonides

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4
Q

morphological recap of cyclophyllidean tapeworms

A

hermaphroditic (like most flukes)
always endoparasitic
adults lack digestive tract, but have muscular system to move
scolex (head) contains four suckers/acetabula
armed or unarmed (hooks)
germinal neck and body (strobila) with segments (proglottids)
more mature proglottids are farther from scolex
each proglottid contains excretory system, nervous system and is hermaphroditic

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5
Q

cyclophyllidean tapes only have a __ pore

A

genital

hermaphroditic

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6
Q

pseudophyllidean tapes have a __ and __ pore but are still hermaphroditic

A

uterine and male genital pore

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7
Q

cucumber seed tapeworm

A

diphylidium caninum

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8
Q

distribution of dipylidium caninum

A

worldwide

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9
Q

DH of diphylidium caninum

A

dogs, cats, humans

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10
Q

IH for dipylidium caninum

A

fleas (ctenocephalides felis, c. canis, pulex irritans) and dog lous (trichodectes canis)

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11
Q

juvi tapeworm is called a

A

cysticercoid (metacestode), each is one adult/one scolex

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12
Q

diphylidium caninum reproductive system

A

2 sets of reproductive organs / proglottid and genital pores on the lateral aspects of proglotids

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13
Q

scolex of diphylidium caninum

A

4 circular suckers/acetabulum

ARMED (hooks)

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14
Q

eggs of dipylidium caninum

A

packets with up to 65eggs/packet
6 hooked hexacanth embryos inside eggs

will need to smash up proglottid to get egg packets

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15
Q

proglottids of dipylidium caninum can be found

A

in feces, in pet beds, in fur around anus

look like cucumber seeds

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16
Q

LC of dipylidium caninum

A

proglottids shed in feces
rupture and release egg packets
eggs ingested by IH (flea or louse larvae)
hexacanth embryo mature to cysticercoid inside adult flea w/in 36hr when it is on the DH (temperature triggers)
flea is ingested by DH, scolex attaches to SI

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17
Q

what is unique about the d. caninum LC

A

Embryo matures to cysticercoid once flea is on the DH!

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18
Q

treatment for d. caninum

A

can be difficult or easy
must control fleas/lice
treat tapes with praziquantel, fenbendazole once IH is gone

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19
Q

taeniid type tapeworms

A

long rectangular proglottids
large worms
usually ARMED
single genital pore per proglottid (d. caninum has 2 genital pores)
unique eggs but can’t tell which taeniid spp by looking at eggs

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20
Q

general taeniid LC

A

Adults in SI of DH
proglottids passed in feces
IH ingests eggs (hexacanth embryo) released and penetrates intestinal mucosa to enter circulation
metacestode stage developes in various organs/tissues
DH ingests raw meat with metacestodes

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21
Q

mutton tapeworm

A

taenia ovis

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22
Q

DH taenia ovis

A

SI of dog

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23
Q

metacestode of Taenia ovis

A

skeletal and cardiac muscle of sheep and goats (masseter, heart, diaphragm)

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24
Q

ruminant tapeworm of dogs or abdominal bladderworm

A

taenia hydatigena

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25
adult taenia hydatigena
SI of dogs
26
metacestode of taenia hydatigena
peritoneal cavity of sheep and goats (serosal surfaces of abdominal organs and liver)
27
rabbit tapeworm or abdominal bladderowrm
taenia pisiformis
28
metacestode of taenia pisiformis
peritoneal cavity of rabbits (serosal surfaces of abdominal organs)
29
feline taeniid or strobilocercus of rats
taenia taeniaeformis
30
adult taenia taeniaeformis
SI of felids
31
metacestode of taenia taeniaeformis
liver of rats and mice
32
metacestode is a __ in case of taenia taeniaeformis vs other dog taenia discussed were ___
strobilocercus (single non-invaginated scolex attached to bladder) cysticercus (single invaginated scolex "inside out scolex" )
33
this taeniae tapeworm is found in SI of dogs and the metacestode stage is a unilocular hydatid cyst
echinococcus granulosus short tapeworm, metacestode stage contains a large bladder filled with hundreds of scolices that acts as a brood capsule and is also termed to look like 'hydatid sand" (unilocular hydatid cyst)
34
which taeniid has zoonotic potential
echinococcus granulosus be cautious with all taeniids bc the eggs all look alike
35
echinococcus granulosus metacestode stage is found
liver, lung, brain of cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, humans (unilocular hydatid cyst) - can try to sx remove depending on location
36
scary tiny tapeworm that makes a thin multilocular hydatid cyst
echinococcus multilocularis
37
metacestode stages of echinococcus multilocularis are found in what animals
rodents and humans (liver, lungs, brain, other)
38
contains thousands of brood capsules each containing hundreds of protoscolices
multilocular hydatid cyst of echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm
39
sheep coenurus tapeworm or gid bladderworm
taenia multiceps
40
taenia multiceps metacestode is found where
brain/SC of sheep and goats. Metacestode is a coenurus (large fluid filled bladder with several hundred scolices)
41
rabbit coenurus tapeworm or subcutaneous bladderworm
taenia serialis
42
taenia serialis is metacestode is found where
SC and IM c.t. of the RABBIT, metacestode is a coenurus (fluid filled bladder with hundreds of scolices lined up into rows
43
what is different from the coenurus of taenia serialis vs. taenia multiceps
scolices line up in rows
44
which Taeniid tapeworms have 1 adult metacestode types
T. ovis, hydatigena, pisiformis (cysticercus metacestode) | T. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus metacestode)
45
which Taeniid tapeworms have thousands of adults in metacestode type
echinococcus granulosum (unilocular hydatid cyst) and multilocularis (multilocular hydatid cyst)
46
which taeniid tapeworm metacestode types have hundreds of adults
taenia multiceps and serialis (coenurus)
47
diagnosing taeniid tapeworms
fecal float high specific gravity adult
48
treatment options for taeniid tapeworms
praziquantel | fenbendazole
49
spirometra mansonoides
pseudophyllidean tapeworm of dogs, cats, and raccoons | zoonotic
50
one set of reproductive organs, uterine pores, and scolex with 2 bothria
spirometra mansonoides | will see black dots down middle
51
stages of spirometra mansonoides
``` operculated eggs ciliated coracidium metacestode stages: procercoid in 1IH copepod ( Plerocercoid in 2IH (frog, rat, snake, NOT a fish) ```
52
Life cycle of spirometra mansonoides
adults in SI cat/dog eggs passed in feces via uterine pore (operculated) copepod eats coracidium procercoid in copepod is eaten by frog, rate, stank plerocercoid or sparganum encysts in muscels of 2IH and is eaten by DH
53
plerocercoid that is encysted
sparganum (ie frog legs with sparganum cysts = pseudo tapeworms)
54
is spirometra mansonoides zoonotic
yes, humans can eat infected copepod or if meat uses as a poultice (wtf, just don't do that)
55
the broad fish tapeworm
diphyllobothrium latum
56
DH of diphyllobothrium latum
SI dogs, cats, polar bears, humans... fish eating mammals
57
IH of diphyllobothrium latum
``` 1IH copepod (like spirometra) 2IH freshwater fish (unlike spirometra) ```
58
is diphyllobothrium latum zoonotic?
yes | may see vitamin B12 deficiency
59
2 types of pseudophyllidean tapeworms discussed
spirometra mansonoides | diphyllobothrium latum
60
cyclophyllidean tapeworms discussed (true tapes)
``` dipylidium caninum taeniid types (taenia and echinococcus) ```

Parasitology 2018 (8 decks)

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