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Im going to kill myself > Lecture 2 brain stuff > Flashcards

Lecture 2 brain stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Meninges

A

3 layered protective membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord. Cushions the brain against the skull, protecting it from injury

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2
Q

Meninges Dura Mater

A

Outermost tough layer, against skull

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3
Q

Meninges Arachnoid Mater

A

Middle Layer. Web-like and cushions the brain

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4
Q

Meninges Sub-Arachnoid Space

A

Filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) → Barrier between meninges and brain

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5
Q

Meninges Pia mater

A

Innermost layer. Thin and covers brain surface

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6
Q

Gray matter

A

Composed of cell bodies and nuclei
Densley packed

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7
Q

White matter

A

Composed of axons extending from neurons

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8
Q

What’s in the forebrain

A

Telencephalon
Diencephalon

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9
Q

What makes up the telencephalon

A

Cortex
Basal Ganglia
Limbic System

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10
Q

What makes up the cortex (and how big is it)

A

Made of gray matter (cell bodies) in a layered structure
2-4mm thick in humans

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11
Q

Neocortex

A

6 layers of neurons
Evolutionary newer → Explains higher order thinking in humans
Makes up 90% of the cortex

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12
Q

Allocortex

A

3-4 layers of neurons
10% of cortex
Includes the hippocampus and olfactory

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13
Q

Basal Ganglia (What’s in it) (What does it do)

A

Habit formation, reinforcing learning, movement
Caudate + Putamen (Dorsal striatum)
Globus pallidus - Movement
Nucleus accumbens - Reward behaviour, addiction
substantia nigra

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14
Q

Limbic System

A

Mammilary body
Hippocampus
Cingulate cortex
Amygdala
Septum

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15
Q

What’s in the Diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus

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16
Q

Thalamus

A

Primary sensory relay center
Affects everything except olfactory

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17
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Basic drive centre
Fighting, fleeing, feeding, FUCKING

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18
Q

Frontal lobe (what area is in here)

A

Inhibition/exhibition of behaviour
Voluntary motor control
Broca’s area is in frontal lobe → Speech production

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19
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Touch
Language
Symbolic representation
Spatial relationships

20
Q

What’s in the midbrain

A

Mesensphealon

21
Q

What’s in the hindbrain

A

Metencephalon
Myencephalon

22
Q

Metencephalon

A

Pons and cerebellum

23
Q

Cerebellum

A

Controls voluntary movement

24
Q

Myeencephallon

A

Medulla

25
Q

Pons and medulla

A

Control incoming sensory tracts, and outgoing motor information

26
Q

Temporal lobe (what area is in here)

A

Hearing
Music
Creativity Recognition of objects
Wernicke’s area is in here → Language comprehension

27
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Vision

28
Q

Central fissure divides

A

Frontal and parietal

29
Q

Lateral fissure divides

A

Frontal/parietal to temporal

30
Q

Longitudinal fissure

A

Divides left/right half of the brain

31
Q

Bumps in brain called

A

Gyri (Gyrus plural)

32
Q

Folds in brain called

A

Sulci (sulcus) or fissures !

33
Q

Key principles of brain function

A

Localization (Divided by function)
Collaboration (Brain parts work tgt)
Balance (Brain remain in homeostasis)
Reorganization (Neuroplasticity)

34
Q

Spinal cord

A

Tracts for sending motor instructions OUT & tracts for sending sensory information IN

35
Q

What is spinal cord made of

A

White matter (axons) surrounding gray matter (cell bodies) encased in bone

36
Q

Spinal Cords have…

A

Nerves extending to the PNS

37
Q

The peripheral nervous system consists of…

A

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system

38
Q

Somatic Nervous system Consists of how many cranial / spinal nerves…

A

12 cranial nerves
31 Spinal nerves

39
Q

What are the division of the autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

40
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous system

A

Rest and digest

41
Q

Sympathetic

A

Fight or flight dawg

42
Q

Medial-lateral axis

A

Inwards (medial)
Outwards (Lateral)

43
Q

Rostral-Caudal

A

Front (rostral)
Back

44
Q

Anterior-Posterior

A

Anterior (front
Posterior (back

45
Q

Dorsal-Ventral in the brain

A

Top (dorsal)
Bottom (ventral)

46
Q

Dorsal-ventral in the spinal cords

A

Dorsal (think dolphin) back
Ventral (think vent. tummy) Front

Im going to kill myself (3 decks)

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