Lecture 2

Question 1

Define standard deviation

Answer 1

Standard deviation is how close the sample mean is close the population mean

Question 2

Define the term Kurtosis

Answer 2

Kurtosis is the peak of the curve in the graph of the population
> (bigger) no.= more spread out the data is

Question 3

LOOK AT THE EXAMPLE FOR CASE STUDY 1

Answer 3

CASE STUDY 1 NOTES

Question 4

List the different scales used to measure

Answer 4

• normal scale
• ordinal scale
• interval scale
• ratio scale

Question 5

Define the term normal scale and give an example

Answer 5

normal scale; a scale which uses names number etc.

• the categories can’t be ordered
  example: horses coat colour

Question 6

Define the ordinal scale and give an example

Answer 6

Ordinal scale: where there is a measurement assigned to a category
-categories can be ranked
example BCS

Question 7

Define the interval scale and give an example

Answer 7

Interval scale

• categories which can go below and above 0
• categories are equally spaced
• e.g temperature

Question 8

Define the ratio scale and give an example

Answer 8

• Ratio scale
• there is a true 0 of the data which you can’t go below
• has equal intervals
• eg. length, mass etc.

Question 9

Define qualitative and quantitative

Answer 9

Qualitative- measure presence of a substance eg. if the test is positive or negative in the presence of a substance

Quantitative- the amount of a substance
eg.exact amount of sodium in a serum

Question 10

Explain the term true biological variation

Answer 10

True biological variation: its the sum of unknown factors which contributes to random effect (individuality, how people act differently to the same thing )

Question 11

List the categories of measurement variation

Answer 11

• random measurement error

- systematic measurement error

Question 12

Define Bias

Answer 12

Bias, is apart of biologic variation and measurement variation, where its higher or lower that the desired diagnostic value

Question 13

Explain the difference between accuracy and precision

Answer 13

Accuracy is when all the results are similar

Precision: is when they are hitting the bullsize, the valves are near the desired value.

Question 14

Define a cllas interval

Answer 14

Class interval is a set of non-overlapping range of valves

Question 15

List the expressions of frequency

Answer 15

Expressions of frequency;

• frequency
• relative frequency
• cumulative frequency

Question 16

Define symmetric distribution

Answer 16

Its when the data is distributed evenly

Question 17

How do you work out the median

Answer 17

median; rank the data from smallest to largest and find the middle, if there is 2 take the mean

Question 18

How do you work out the mode

Answer 18

Its the most occurred in the data

Question 19

Define the measures of spread

Answer 19

Measure of spread; amount of spread in the data
-examine the range variance ( the difference b/w the mean and the individual value)
standard deviation

Question 20

Define a frequency polygon

Answer 20

Frequency polygon is 2 or more histograms added together to compare them both