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Dental Materials > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q
  • Looks good
  • Functions properly
  • Longevity
A

Patient satisfaction

-goal of dental material

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2
Q

Do models have limitations?

A

Yes

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3
Q

contact angle
used to measure how liquid
interacts with solid

A

Measure

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4
Q

Cannot Know Everything About a Given Material

or System

A

Models

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5
Q
  • Unfilled diluted resins
  • Self or light cured
  • Clear or opaque
  • Radiopaque
A

Sealants

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6
Q 
Anticipated on the basis
of the Hydrophobicity
(water-hating) and
hydrophilicity (water
loving) of materials
A

Wetting

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7
Q

Allow penetration into areas with water

A

Hydrophilic primers

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8
Q

Solvent that hydrophllic primers are mixed with

A

Alcohol or acetone

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9
Q

Viscosity of hydrophilic primers

A

Low

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10
Q

Allows for attatchment to composite

A

Hydrophilic primers

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11
Q

Will wet hydrophlic surfaces

A

Hydrophlic chemicals

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12
Q

Important anytime two different materials come into contact

A

Surface wetting

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13
Q

Important in impression materials, adhesives and bacterial adhesions

A

Surface wetting

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14
Q

involve changes in the primary and secondary

bonding of the material

A

Chemical properties

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15
Q

generally affected by chemical and

electro chemical reactions

A

Primary bonding

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16
Q

generally affected by processes

such as adsorption (onto) and absorption (into)

A

Secondary bonding

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17
Q

The spontaneous destructive oxidation of metals

A

Corrosion

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18
Q

Do all metals corrode?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Copper roofs turn

A

green

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20
Q

What color do amalgam filling turn over time?

A

black

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21
Q

Designed to minimize corrosion

A

Gold alloys

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22
Q

recently deemed a noble metal ADA

A

Titanium

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23
Q

Desirable for ceramic to metal bonding

A

Metal oxides (ceramics)

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24
Q

Metal corrosion that leads to destruction

A

Active

Gamma 2

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25
Q

Metal corrosion that produces corrosion film that prevents further corrosion

A

Passive

Titanium implants

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26
Q

Metal corrosion of noble metals

A

Immune

gold

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27
Q

Electrochemical corrosion

A

Active

28
Q

Corroding metal

A

anode

29
Q

Different metal

-Passive-supplied electrons to solution

A

Cathode

30
Q

A conducting environment for ionic movement

A

electrolyte

31
Q

An electrical connection

between the anode and cathode for the flow of

A

Electron current

32
Q

Two phases in amalgam

A

Anode and cathode

33
Q

normally occurs through

dissolution of oxides created by hydrogen bonding effects of water in local areas of high acidity.

A

Chemical dissolution

34
Q

How are ceramics affected by dissolution

A

Chemical dissolution

35
Q
  • Absorption of water into polymers

- Hydrolytic degradation and release of components

A

How polymers are affected by dissolution

36
Q

Absorption of water into polymers

A

Dimensional changes

37
Q

Hydrolytic degradation and release of components

A

Contribute to wear problems with composites

38
Q

Metal ion interation

A

Hg, Ni

39
Q

Biological properties are interrelated with

A
  • Degradation properties

- Polymerization process or processing

40
Q

Biological properties are

A

dynamic

41
Q

Describe how a material responds to loads

forces

A

Mechanical properties

42
Q

Single dimension of force

A
  • Compression
  • Tension
  • Shear
43
Q

Combinations of forces

A
  • Torsion (twisting)
  • Flexsion (tensile)
  • Diametral compression (tensile)
44
Q

Measures of
absorbed energy by
material

A

Resilience and toughness

45
Q

Before deformation occurs

A

Resilience

46
Q

Before failure or fracture occurs

A

toughness

47
Q

Time and temperature dependent

A

Mechanical events

48
Q

Measures of
absorbed energy by
material

A

Hardness

49
Q

Indent with a load
and measure size of
indentation

A

Hardness

50
Q

Measures a Materials Resistance to Crack Propagation

A

Fracture toughness

51
Q

Has High Clinical Correlation to Clinical Wear Data

A

Composits- fracture toughness

52
Q

Deformation over time in response to low constant

stress

A

Creep (strain relaxation)

53
Q

Deformation over time in response to low constant

strain

A

Stress relaxation

54
Q

Multiple cycles of low stress

A

Fatigue

55
Q

Effects of forces on the
motion of biomaterials
and biologic structures

A

Biomechanics

56
Q 
Teeth and restorations
(and therefore restorative
materials) must
withstand forces in
service during
A

Mastication and fabrication

57
Q

Are teeth rigid?

A

No

58
Q

When teeth are
subject to chewing
forces (stresses)
they undergo

A

Subclinical movements (Strains)

59
Q

usually associated with

heavy wear facets

A

Abfractions

60
Q

Cyclic tension and
compression of
enamel rods lead to

A

Microfractures

61
Q

transfers stress from

enamel to dentin

A

DEJ

62
Q

B-L rigidity of teeth

A

Cuspal independence

63
Q

How do teeth fail or fracture?

A
  • Single cycle overload

- Fatigue

64
Q

“unexpectedly bit on cherry pit or bone” (rare)

A

Single cycle overload

65
Q
  • cyclic loads well below

breaking load

A

Fatigue

66
Q
  • “I was eating something soft” (more common)
    -Slow crack propagation over
    time
A

Fatigue

67
Q
  • Restorative material
  • Tooth structure
  • Interface (stress transferred)
A

Biomechanical unit

Dental Materials (3 decks)

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