lecture 2 Flashcards
Is mental age recommended as a diagnostic tool?
no because tests are different
what is Chronological age is compared to?
developmental information
Children with DLD will show uneven profiles such as…
strength in vocabulary knowledge but weakness in morphology and syntax.
What are some test limitations with DLD?
- verbal directions
- not pure measure of verbal vs. nonverbal abilities
- may not be normed on children in their area
- too long for attention span
What law stipulates that services be determined on an individual basis?
IDEA
What year was IDEA passed?
1997
Children with DLD have depressed nonverbal IQ scores which may skew the results. T/F
true
A comprehensive evaluation is best when diagnosing DLD in children. T/F
true
what is adaptive behavior?
- age appropriate behaviors necessary for people to live independently and function safely and appropriately in daily life
Do standardized tests compare a large or small group of peers?
large
what is a specific learning disorder (DSM-V)?
Characterized as “difficulties learning and using academic skills.”
What is the diagnostic criteria for Specific Learning Disorders?
- reading
- reading comprehension
- word meaning
- spelling
- written expression
- math
What are NC state standards for specific learning disorders?
- evaluation (receptive, expressive)
- 2 measures will be used
- evaluation of lang. abilities.
Eligibility for a language impairment may not be determined on the basis of a predetermined discrepancy between language and cognitive measures. T/F
true
Collaboration between the school psychologist and the SLP in planning and implementing appropriate communication and cognitive assessments and interpreting their results will facilitate eligibility determination. T/F
true
What does IDEA stand for?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
When deciding a plan of intervention what should be considered first?
the child’s baseline of skills
What information can be gathered from nonstandardized testing
“adaptive behavior”. These are appropriate behaviors necessary to live independently
What is the standards for diagnosis based on?
it depends on the test. Standard Deviations and the mean will be different.
What would a score need to be in order to be diagnosed with DLD?
score more than 2 SDs below the mean
What are some dilemmas for SLPs?
uneven profile scores do not mesh with strict cut-off scores
How should pragmatics be tested?
in multiple settings
What does DSM-V stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition
Specific Learning Disorder
What is DSM-IV
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition
What is the diagnosis criteria for Social (pragmatic) communication disorder include?
- verbal and nonverbal communication for social purposes.
- matching context
- following rules for conversation
- nonliteral/ambiguous meanings
What is the diagnosis criteria for speech sound disorders?
difficulty with speech sound production that interferes with intelligibility or prevent verbal communication
What is included for an evaluation of language abilities?
- hearing screening
- reception (vocab, syntax, morphology)
- expression (MLU, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, morphology)
- auditory perception (selective attention, discrim, memory, sequencing)
- assessment and documentation
What does WHO stand for?
World Hearing Organization
an abnormal Chromosome 16q would result in
nonword repetition
An abnormal chromosome 19a would result in
expressive language scores
Broca’s area is related to what speech/ language abilities
syntax, speech production
Wernicke’s area is related to what speech/language abilities?
language comprehension
What does an arcuate fasciculus do?
connects frontal and temporal regions
Functional anomalies puts a child at risk for ….
DLD
What does a MRI look at?
brain structure
What information does an fMRI provide?
- working memory
- phonological decoding of words
- temporal lobe activation listening to isolated vowels.
What are environmental factors to be considered with DLD?
- prenatal environment
- language-rich situations
- parents educations/siblings
- Multi-cultural
IS Auditory processing disorders are diagnosed by SLP?
no
What are the issues with Auditory Processing disorders?(2)
- processing rapid short sounds and/or contrasts.
2. stressed vs. unstressed in connected speech
What are the 3 Cognitive Models of DLD?
- auditory processing
- limited language capacity
- procedural deficits
What are the issues with Limited Language Capacity? (3)
- working memory
- poor recall for longer/complex utterances
- non words
what are issues with Procedural deficits?
following steps, sequencing
Why are non words difficult?
they don’t follow rules or patterns
What does LLD stand for?
language learning disabilities
What two things does reading require?
- decoding
2. comprehension
what is hyperlexic?
reading is fine, comprehension is poor
Decoding deficits will result in …
poor comprehension
How should the severity of an impairment be diagnosed?
with a comprehension assessment
What % of children with poor comprehension meet DLD criteria? What study was this?
30
Nationa, Clarke, Marshall and Durand (2004)
