lecture 1 Flashcards
What is a Language Disorder?
An impairment in the comprehension and or/use of a spoken, written, and/or other symbol system. It may involve all or any combination of the areas of form, content, and function of language (ASHA), this is a naturalistic perspective.
Form includes:
phonology
morphology
syntax
Content includes:
semantics
Use includes:
pragmatics
How is a language disorder diagnosed?
standardized test scores, comparisons and IQ
What is the normative perspective?
the impact of the impairment on the child’s development in everyday situations.
what do we need to differentiate when assessing a young child? (3)
- delay (slower to learn)
- disorder
- difference (lang. behaviors /skills that are not exactly the same as those of person’s primary speech community)
who believed children with poor understanding and use of speech vs. Intellectual disability?
Gall (1825)
What two neurologists found arelationship between brain and language in adults
Broca (1861)
Wernicke (1874)
Who discovered connections between language learning and difficulties with reading and writing acquisition?
Orton (1937)
Who worked with deaf children with language disorders?
Ewing, McGinnis, Myklebust (1930-1971)
Chomsky’s research on child language development provided information expanding the field focus from:
syntax-semantics
pragmatics-phonology
Did Chomsky’s research allow for comparisons to typical development?
yes
Who studied family and twin studies provide more genetic and environmental developmental influence ideas ?
Bishop 2009
Not acquiring language as expected for age/gender is a sign of
DLD (developmental languae disorder)
What is the prominent challenge for DLD?
language acquisition
Is there a biological cause of DLD?
no
School-aged with DLD and literacy disorders have poor skills in what 2 areas?
poor decoding
poor reading comprehension
When discussing “form” and DLD what are some areas of weakness?
- phonology and/or semantics
2. omit morphosyntactic markers of tense
Give examples of morphosyntactic omissions with DLD. (3)
+What age should these be fixed?
- past tense -ed
- third person singular -s
- Copula form of the verb “be”
+age 5
When discussing the “form” of DLD in older children what are some areas of difficulty? (5)
- wh questions
- limited verb form usage
- understanding passives (“was kissed by”)
- embedded clauses
- pronominal reference (“who is “he”)
What type of difficulties will stem from phonological processing deficits in children with DLD?
- discrimination of speech sounds
- categorizing speech sounds
- sound sequencing in novel speech
- manipulating sounds
- vocabulary and grammar
When discussing “content” and DLD what are some areas of weakness?
- delayed acquisition of first words/phrases
- vocabulary
- naming errors
When discussing the “content” of DLD in older children what are some areas of difficulty?
- homophones
- verbs
- sentence structure
When discussing “use” and DLD what are some areas of weakness? (6)
- initiating/maintaining conversations
- requesting/providing clarifications
- turn-taking
- matching social context style
- emotional information
- figurative language
What two aspects are considered when diagnosing DLD in children?
- chronological age
2. mental age
