Lecture 2

Question 1

What is the applicable definition of health?

Answer 1

ability to function normally in daily living

Question 2

What is the definition of disease?

Answer 2

objectively diagnosed biological or mental condition

Question 3

What is the definition of illness?

Answer 3

subjective feeling of being unwell or having ill-health (i.e. lack of health)

Question 4

What is the WHO definition of health?

Answer 4

Health is a state of complete physical, social and mental well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 5

What are 9 aspects of health?

Answer 5

absence of disease
wellbeing despite disease
a reserve
behaviour
physical fitness
energy and vitality
a social relationship
function
psychosocial wellbeing

Question 6

How do we measure health?

Answer 6

1. Self reported ‘health’
2. Health behaviours and risk factors
3. Health service utilisation
4. Morbidity - incidence of disease
5. Mortality - incidence of disease in a population

Question 7

What is morbidity?

Answer 7

incidence of disease
Counting the frequency of disease/conditions or other health problems that people have
-in a specified population over a specified period of time

Question 8

What is mortality?

Answer 8

incidence of disease in a population
Counting the frequency of diseases/conditions that people die from
-in a specified population over a specified period of time

Question 9

What is this an example of? : In general what would you say your health is?

Answer 9

self-reported health

a manner of measuring health

Question 10

What is this an example of? : On average, how many servings of veggies do you eat per day?

Answer 10

health behaviours and risk factors

a manner of measuring health

Question 11

What is this an example of? : Thinking about all of your activities over the last 7 days (including brisk walking), on how many days do you engage in: (exercise examples)?

Answer 11

health behaviours and risk factors

a manner of measuring health

Question 12

What is this an example of? : Do you have a health practitioner or service that you usually of to first when you are feeling unwell or injured>

Answer 12

(Use of) Health service utilisation

a manner of measuring health

Question 13

What is this an example of? : In the last 12 months, have you seen your GP, or been visited by a GP, about your own health?

Answer 13

(Use of) Health service utilisation

a manner of measuring health

Question 14

What is this an example of? :in the last 12 months, apart from GPs, have you seen any other GPs about your own health?

Answer 14

(Use of) Health service utilisation

a manner of measuring health

Question 15

What is this an example of? : Have you ever been told by a doctor that you have diabetes?

Answer 15

Morbidity

a manner of measuring health

Question 16

What is the definition of a society?

Answer 16

the totality of social relationships among organised groups of human beings or animals
The reciprocal relationships between individuals (i.e. associations)-“social groups”

Question 17

What are the reciprocal relationships between individuals?

Answer 17

“social groups”
any group of individuals who have conscious relations with each other
-some level of mental interdependence is necessary
-e.g. culture (religiion, gender, sexuality, age etc.) nationhood, family, neighbourhood
-referred to as “social groups”

Question 18

What are the five reasons for differences in health between social groups?

Answer 18

1. Biological and Genetics
(2-5 are largely influenced by "social factors")
2. Individual behaviour
3. Social environment
4. Physical environment
5. Health services

Question 19

What are Social Factors?

Answer 19

All phenomena involved in the interactions between two or more people
The building blocks and products of society - i.e. withholds us together and what social social groups lead to

Question 20

What are the Differences in social factors between groups?

Answer 20

We have strong evidence of differences in the distribution of these ‘social factors’ between many of the groups that have difference in ‘health’

• socioeconomic groups
• ethnic groups
• age groups
• gender etc.

Question 21

What are some main groups which have differences in health due to distribution of social factors?

Answer 21

1. socioeconomic groups
2. ethnic groups
3. age groups
4. gender