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CDIS 3469 Hearing Science > Lecture (2/20) Week 6 Tuesday > Flashcards

Lecture (2/20) Week 6 Tuesday Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The central auditory system is composed of

A

brain stem
cerebrum (diencephalon & telencephelon)
corpus callosum (1/3 is auditory)

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2
Q

Which bone contains the organs of hearing and balance?

A

Temporal bone

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3
Q

What are the 4 parts of the temporal bones?

A

squamous
mastoid process
tympanic
petrous

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4
Q

Describe placement of squamous portion

A

-in front of and above ear canal
-fan-like

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5
Q

describe the mastoid process

A

-behind ear
-very thick
-filled with holes

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6
Q

describe the tympanic portion

A

-forms bottom and sides of ear canal

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7
Q

describe the petrous portion

A

-medial portion projecting inward
-contains organs of hearing and balance (vestibular system and cochlea)

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8
Q

The outer ear is the most ____ and _____ portion of the auditory pathway

A

lateral, inferior

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9
Q

the outer ear is part of the _____

A

peripheral auditory system

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10
Q

What is the auricle or pinna made of

A

cartilage

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11
Q

What are the parts of the pinna

A

-helix
-crus helix
-tragus
-cavum concha
-cymba concha
-antihelix
-antitragus
-lobe
-triangular fossa

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12
Q

What divides the concha into 2 areas?

A

crus helix

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13
Q

what is the upper portion of the concha?

A

cymba concha

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14
Q

the antihelix separates the ______ from a triangular depression

A

cymba concha

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15
Q

the _____ is the bump above the lobe

A

antitragus

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16
Q

what is the most inferior part of the pinna?

A

lobe

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17
Q

what is the depression above the antihelix and below the helix

A

triangular fossa

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18
Q

What is the opening to the external auditory canal called?

A

external auditory meatus

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19
Q

What shape is the external auditory canal?

A

S-shaped

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20
Q

the external auditory canal extents _____ and _______ for 2.5cm in adults

A

medially and posteriorly

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21
Q

the EAC begins and ends with a downward slope to allow for _____

A

drainage

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22
Q

the slope at the end of the external auditory canal may lead to the formation of _____

A

fungus

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23
Q

Which portion of the EAC contains hair follices?

A

outer 1/3

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24
Q

the outer 1/3 of the EAC contains sweat glands called

A

ceruminous glands

25
Q

what forms wax in the outer 1/3 EAC?

A

ceruminous glands and sebaceous glands

26
Q

what portion of the EAC contains no glands or hair?

A

inner 2/3

27
Q

the inner 2/3 of EAC pass through the _____ section of the temporal bone

A

tympanic

28
Q

What is the point where the outer 1/3 and inner 2/3 of the EAC meet?

A

osseocartilaginous junction

29
Q

the osseocartilaginous junction lies directly above the ____ joint

A

temporomandibular joint

30
Q

what is a site of secondary pain for TMJ syndrome

A

osseocartilaginous junction

31
Q

What are the nerve innervations for the EAC?

A

trigeminal (V)
facial (VII)
glossopharyngeal (IX)
vagus (X)

32
Q

coughing is due to what nerve

A

IX

33
Q

fainting is due to a combo of what nerves?

A

IX and X

34
Q

What lies at the end of the EAC

A

tympanic membrane

35
Q

the ear drum is known as the

A

tympanic membrane

36
Q

the TM is the _____ between the middle and outer ear

A

boundary

37
Q

T/F the outer ear has cosmetic nature

A

true

38
Q

the outer ear’s physiology is that it protects

A

TM

39
Q

What in the outer ear helps collect foreign objects?

A

cerumen

40
Q

T/F cerumen will move itself out of the EAC on its own

A

true

41
Q

T/F if cerumen is pulled in too far it will naturally remove itself

A

false

42
Q

T/F the pinna and concha act as a resonator (amplifier)

A

true

43
Q

The tympanic membrane is the boundary of _____

A

middle ear

44
Q

the TM is a structure made from_____ membranes

A

3

45
Q

describe the outer layer of the TM

A

same skin as in the canal

46
Q

describe the middle layer of TM

A

elastic conductive laye; fibrous
-one set start at the center and run towards edge (spokes)
-other runs in circles (spiral)

46
Q

describe the inner layer of TM

A

same mucous cells as those that line the middle ear cavity

47
Q

What are the 2 areas of the TM

A

-pars flaccis
-pars tensa

48
Q

describe the pars flaccida

A

-most superior fourth of TM
-does not contain fibers that make the TM very tight

49
Q

describe the pars tensa-

A

-inferior 3/4
-very tight/tense

50
Q

know the anatomy of the TM

A

look at diagram

51
Q

what is the surface area of the TM

A

85mm2

52
Q

how much of the TM vibrates at any given time

A

2/3

53
Q

the TM is attached at the ___ at the center

A

malleus at the manubrium

54
Q

place of attachment of TM and malleus manubrium is called

A

umbo

55
Q

Describe the localization of the EAC

A

-help locate sounds from below and above
-high frequency amplifications help in speech perception of consonants, esp in background noise
-helps to color the spectrum of sounds
-theory that an individual gets use to the sound of their own pinna

56
Q

the TM is held in place at the edges by the

A

tympanic annulus

57
Q

know the pinna diagram

A

look at picture

CDIS 3469 Hearing Science (11 decks)

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