Lecture 2 Flashcards
List some characteristics of measuring performance of motor skills for the following scenario:
Playing Tennis.
Number of successful serves
Speed of ball
Proper form
Accuracy of ball placement
Reaction Time
Consistency
Footwork efficiency
Endurance
Grip Strength
List some characteristics of measuring performance of motor skills for the following scenario:
Walking after Stroke.
Number of Steps
Assistance level required
Distance one can walk without assistance
Posture/Balance
Walking speed
Stride length
Symmetry
Transition Ability
Ability to recover from stumbling
Joint Mobility
Gait Analysis
What is the importance of Performance Assessment? (3)
- Provides overall eval of capabilities and limits
- Determines progress
- Allows for inferencing areas of disability/dysfunction
~ What are the 3 levels of analysis of measuring motor performance?
- Action
- Movements
- Neuromotor Processes
What are the 2 General Categories of Measurements?
- Performance Outcome Measures
- Performance Production Measures
Performance Outcome Measures indicate what?
The outcome/result of performing a motor skill.
- whether one can complete the actual task/movement
List some examples of Performance Outcome Measures. (situational)
Distance a ball is thrown
Slapshot speed
Batting average
Marathon / Marathon time
Run speed
Which of the general categories of measure, measures the actual accomplishment of a task?
Performance Outcome Measures
True or False: Performance outcome measures addresses the task as well as the movements/muscles involved in accomplishing the goal
False: POM does not address the isolated movements used to accomplish goal, or info about various muscle activity involved
Information about various muscles involved in a process is known as…
Neuromotor Processes
Performance Production Measures indicate what?
performance characteristics that produce the outcome
- evaluates isolated movements used to achieve task
-indicates specific aspects of motor control system
True or False: Performance Production measures the movements/muscles involved in accomplishing the goal
True
What are Neuromotor Processes?
information about the various muscle activity that is involved in a task
What is Performance Production Measures?
Measurement of the characteristics that produce the outcome, evaluating isolated movements that are used in achieving said task
List some examples of Performance Production Measures. (situational)
Speed a limb moved while moving cursor
Angle of each arm joint at impact of hitting ball
Time that bicep initially fired during rapid flexion
Brain areas activated while typing on a computer
Net torque of knee joint at takeoff w vertical jump
List some examples of Measures or Measurement devices for Performance Outcome Measures.
Time to complete task
RT
Error Amt or % (AE,CE,VE)
Time On/Off target
Time On/Off Balance
Distance
Trials/Repitition
List some examples of Measures or Measurement devices for Performance Production Measures.
Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
Joint Angle
Joint Torque
EMG
EEG
PET
fMRI
Reaction time indicates what?
How long it takes to prepare + initiate movement
Reaction time measures what?
the interval of time between the onset of a signal, and the initiation of the movement
What is the most universally used measure of Performance Outcomes? (why)
Reaction time; as it can use any type of stimuli
What are the 3 main reasons why Reaction Time is important?
- It is used to infer what one does to prepare an action
- It identifies environmental context used to prepare an action
- It assesses one’s capability to anticipate a required action + determine when to initiate it
What are the 3 types of Reaction Time Situations?
- Simple RT
- Choice RT
- Discrimination RT
Describe a Simple RT.
There is one signal, and requires only one response
Describe a Choice RT.
There is more than 1 signal, and each requires its own response
Describe Discrimination RT.
There is more than 1 signal, but only 1 of them requires a response
What is an example of Choice RT?
Traffic Light
What is an example of Simple RT?
Sprinter starting race at gunshot
What is the function of an EMG?
it registers muscle activation, breaking up the RT to provide specific info about action prep
What are the 2 components of Reaction TIme?
- Premotor Time
- Motor Time
What is the Premotor Time of RT?
quiet interval b/w onset of stimulus, and the start of the activity.
(CNS processing time & transmission time)
What is the Motor Time of RT?
interval from the initial increase in muscle activity, until the actual limb movement
What is Movement Time?
interval of time between the initiation of the movement, to the completion of the action
- is dependent on the task
What is the Response Time?
interval of time between stimulus & completion of the task
** RT + MT = response time **
Describe the Speed/Accuracy tradeoff.
A faster response to a stimulus can often result in an increase in possible errors
Error Measures allow for what?
for the evaluation of performance of skill associated with spatial or temporal accuracy related goals
What are the 3 main outcomes for Error Messages?
- Absolute Error
- Constant Error
- Variable Error
What is the Absolute Error outcome an indication of?
gives a general index of performance accuracy
What is the Constant Error outcome an indication of?
gives an index of performance bias
(tendency to overshoot, undershoot goals, directional bias, etc.)
What is the Variable Error outcome an indication of?
gives an index of the consistency or variability of the performance
