Lecture 2 Flashcards
non-covalent bond definition (can bonds be broken easily or not, are electrons shared?)
interactions can be broken and reformed relatively easily, electrons are not shared
covalent bond definition (can bonds be broken easily or not, are electrons shared?)
interactions cannot be broken and reformed easily, electrons shared
why are weak interactions important in biology?
(what does it make up, what interacts using weak bonding interactions, what 6 things does weak interactions control?)
- builds small molecules into bigger organisms
- all biological system molecules interact using weak bonding interactions
- control: how we taste our food, how our blood clots, how we move and use oxygen, how our muscles contract + holds our bodies together
weak interactions defintion
every attractive/repulsive forces between atoms and molecules that is not covalent
2 E’s that are similar between different type of weak interactions?
electrostatics and electronegativity
electrostatics defintion
charge attraction
electronegativity definition
the tendency of an atom or functional group to attract electrons to itself
what 3 methods are used to make charge?
dissociation, ionic bonding, bond polarity
how does dissociation create charge?
produces positive and negative charges
how does ionic bonding create charge?
electron from valence shell from one atom is completely removed - full positive and full negative charges
how does bond polarity create charge?
bond polarity (some atoms are more electronegative than others) - resulting partial charges
bond polarity defintion
chemical bond between atoms and their charge distribution
how is a dipole induced?
putting charge next to aromatic ring
what are two other names for mutually-induced dipoles
dispersion forces = Van der Waal interactions
what type of molecule has a strong tendency to stack?
why?
Planar molecules
- occurs because they are non-polar
