Lecture 2

Question 1

Velocity

Answer 1

The motion of an object can be described by the use of two terms velocity and acceleration.

Question 2

Heat

Answer 2

The kinetic energy of the random motion of molecules

Question 3

Elements

Answer 3

112 substances have been identified; 92 naturally occurring and 20 artificially produced

Question 4

smallest particle of matter that has the properties of an element

Answer 4

Atom

Question 5

Z#

Answer 5

the # of protons in the nucleus
atomic # plays an important role in a number of radiation actions

Question 6

Electron Arrangement

Answer 6

The maximum number of e- that can exist in each shell increase with distance from the nucleus
-no shell can contain more than eight e-

Question 7

radionuclides or radioisotopes

Answer 7

radioactive elements

Question 8

Particulate radiation

Answer 8

The emission of particles and energy from the nucleus in order to become stable

Question 9

Radioisotopes

Answer 9

-Occur when atoms have too many or too few neutrons
-Can occur naturally or can be man made

Question 10

Radioisotope decay

Answer 10

Decay from the nucleus to become stable

Question 11

Radioactive Half-Life

Answer 11

The time required for a quantity of radioactivity to be reduced to one-half its original value
-To reduce the strength of the x-ray beam by 1/2

Question 12

Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 12

-X-Rays originate in the electron shells
-Gamma rays originate in the nucleus