Lecture 2 Flashcards
The basis of movement is provided by what?
Normal Postural tone
What does BEFAST stand for?
Balance- look for LOB/coordination
Eyes - vision changes
Face- ask them to smile
Arm- ask them to raise both arms
Speech - dysarthria/slurring
Time- 3 hour window to administer clot buster
What is normal postural tone?
Amount of tone sufficient to hold us upright against gravity
What are primitive reflexes?
Primitive reflexes provide the basis of movement patterns that progressively show more selective coordination and less stereotpying with time and maturation
What are righting reactions?
Serve to provide orientation to the head and align body parts w/ gravity
What are protective extension reactions?
Allow us 1 line of defense against changes in our postural balance. Also called parachute reactions in UE and protective stepping in LE.
What are equilibrium reactions?
Extension of protective reactions they allow us to balance by adjusting the location of our CoG over our BoS
What are atypical synergies
Atypical movements related to altered biomechanical alighment due to tone or caused by neurological disorganization or motor neuron recruitment
What are tonic reflexes?
example: Assymetric tonic neck reflex
They should go away when you grow up but they might re-emerge with CNS damage
Flexion synergies have Scapular ____________
Elevation and retraction
Flexion Synergies have shoulder _____________
abduction and external rotation
Flexion synergies have elbow ________ and forearm ______________
Flexion
Supination
Flexion synergies have Wrist ________ and finger ____________
flexion
Extension synergies have scapular ___________ and ____________
depression and protraction
Extension synergies have shoulder _________ and ___________ and ____________
Extension and adduction and internal rotation
Extension synergies have elbow ________ and forearm ___________
Elbow extension
Forearm pronation
Extension synergies have wrist ______ and finger ________
Extension
Flexion
What are the strongest components of UE synergies that you will see at rest (Resting UE synergies)
Scapula _____
Shoulder _______
Elbow _____
Forearm __________
Wrist/finger __________
Scapular depression/retraction
Shoulder extension, adduction, internal rotation
Elbow: flexion
Forearm : Pronation
Wrist/finger : Flexion
What is an associated reaction?
Example: arm comes up while coughing but you can’t lift it independently
In the flexion synergy you have pelvis _____ and _____
Elevation and retraction
In the flexion synergy you have hip ______ , ________ , __________
Hip flexion, abduction, external rotation
In the flexion synergy you have knee _____
flexion
In the flexion synergy you have ankle ________ with foot __________
Dorsiflexion
Inversion
In the extension synergy you have pelvic _______ and ____________
Depression and protraction
In the extension synergy you have hip _______ and __________ and __________
Extension and adduction and Internal rotation
In the extension synergy you have knee _______
extension
In the extension synergy you have ankle _______ with foot _____________
ankle plantarflexion with foot inversion
What are the strongest components of synergies (resting synergy) in the LE
Pelvis:
Hip:
Knee:
Ankle/foot:
Pelvis: Elevation and retraction
Hip Flexion, adduction, internal rotation (note it is a mix of Flexion and extension synergies)
Knee Extension
ankle/foot : Plantarflexion and inversion
