Lecture 2 Flashcards
Made some of the earliest microscopes
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Confirmed Leeuwenhooks findings, first to term the word “cell”
Robert Hooke
Cell Theory States 2 things:
- All organisms are made of basic living units (cells)
- All cells come from previously existing cells
2 Types of Cells
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic Cell qualities
Lack membrane bound nucleus (include bacteria and archaea)
Eukaryotic Cells Qualitues
Membrane bound nuclei that contain genetic info (include plants, fungi, animals, protists)
Can contain cell wall (not animals or certain protists)
All cells are surrounded by a…
Plasma membrane
Plasma membrane made of a __ and can be both ___ and ____
Phospholipid Bilayer, fluid/restrictive
Hydrophobic Tails are
Water-fearing
Hydrophilic heads are…
Water-loving
Functions of hydrophilic heads/hydrophobic tails
Separate contents of cells from surrounding environment and regulate molecules passage
Organelles
Any well defined subcellular structure that performs a particular function
Cytoskeleton
Maintains cell shape and movement of cell parts
Cytoplasm
Semi fluid matrix outside nucleus that contains organelles
Nucleus
“Brain” of the cell that contains genetic material
Endoplasmic Reticulum (both Rough and Smooth)
Rough - ribosomes, processes proteins
Smooth - no ribosomes, makes lipids
Mitochondria
Carries out respiration and makes ATP
Golgi Apparatus
Processes, packages, and secretes cell products
Lysosome
Vesicle that digests macromolecules
Endosymbiotic Theory
Proposed by Lynn Margulis
Explains origin of mitochondria, chloroplasts, internal members of Eukaryotic cells
Chloroplast used to be photosynthetic bacterium (Cyanobacteria)
