Lecture 2 Flashcards
In the human-machine system, what is the outer area?
Environment.
In the human-machine system, what are the three human parts, top to bottom, and which direction do they go?
Perception
Cognition
Action
Counterclockwise.
In the human-machine system, what are the three system parts, bottom to top, and which direction do they go?
Displays
Operation
Controls
Counterclockwise.
What is empiricism, and what is based on it?
Knowledge by observation, and science.
What are the steps of the scientific method?
Observe Phenomenon
l l l
l l l
v v v
State Develop Conduct Dissem.
Problem –> Hypothesis –> Experiment –> Info.
^ ^ /
\ l /
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Evaluate Hypothesis
What are the goals of science?
Description, prediction, explanation/understanding.
What is a subject variable?
Individual human characteristics.
What is construct validity?
Whether a measure actually measures what it’s intended to measure.
What is internal validity?
Whether the observations be attributed to the variables of interest.
What is eternal validity?
Whether the results can be generalized to other settings.
What is ecological validity?
Whether the behaviors in a study reflect those that occur in a natural setting.
When do you use descriptive research?
When you can’t control or replicate a situation.
What is differential research, and does it determine causality?
Observing two or more groups differentiated on the basis of a preexisting variable, and no.
What are “between subjects” experiments?
They have two or more groups of people, and each group receives only one of the treatment conditions.
What are “within subjects” experiments?
They use the same participants in each condition.
