Lecture 1B: Domains of Concern Flashcards
Define ‘domain’
Outlines the profession’s scopes in which its knowledge and expertise the members have established
What are the domains of concern in Occupational Therapy?
- Occupations
- Context
- Performance Skills
- Client Factors
- Performance Patterns
These domains guide the practice and intervention strategies in occupational therapy.
Define ‘occupational performance’.
The ability to carry out daily activities in a meaningful way.
This encompasses various aspects of a person’s life and their engagement in occupations.
What is meant by ‘context’ in Occupational Therapy?
Environmental and personal factors specific to each client that influence engagement and participation in occupations.
What is the difference between environmental factors and personal factors?
- Environmental: Physical, social, attitudinal surrounding how people live
- Personal: Unique features of a person’s particular background
Define ‘Natural & Human-made changes to the environment’
- Environmental factor
- Animate and inanimate elements of the natural or physical environment
- Includes human modifications
- Characteristics of human populations: e.g. Physical geography, climate, air quality
Define ‘Product and Technology’
- Environmental factor
- Natural or human-made products or systems of products, equipment
- Technology that are gathered, created, produced, or manufactured
- E.g. Transportation equipment, assets for economic exchange
Define ‘Support and relationship’
- Environmental factor
- People or animals that provide practical physical or emotional support
- E.g. family, friends, domesticated animals
Define ‘Attitude’
- Environmental factor
- Customs, values, beliefs etc. held by people other than the client
- E.g. Culture in HK, subculture of the youth
Define ‘Services, systems, and policies’
- Environmental factor
- Structured programs or regulations by institutions, to meet the needs of people
- E.g. housing, communication, education
What are some examples of personal factors?
- Age
- Sexual orientation
- Gender identity
- Upbringing
- Health conditions
Fill in the blank: The end result of occupational therapy is when patients are engaged in _______.
[meaningful occupation]
What are client factors in Occupational Therapy?
Specific capacities, characteristics, or beliefs that influence performance in occupation, including values, beliefs, spirituality, body functions/structures
What does the term ‘client’ encompass?
Individuals in need, caregivers, groups, and populations sharing similar characteristics or concerns.
Understanding the client is crucial for tailoring interventions.
Differentiate between value, beliefs, and spirituality
- Values: Principles or qualities considered worthwile, derived from culture, e.g. honesty to self
- Beliefs: Cognitive content held as true, e.g. hard work pays off
- Spirituality: Personal search for purpose and meaning in life
What role does spirituality play in client factors?
It influences a person’s motivation to engage in occupations and their search for meaning in life.
Spirituality can affect how clients cope with challenges.
Define ‘performance skills’.
Observable, goal-directed actions that result in a client’s quality of performing desired occupations.
Performance skills are learned and developed over time in specific contexts.
How are performance skills learned and developed?
Over time in specific contexts and environments
(Fisher & Griswold, 2014)
What are the types of performance skills?
- Motor skills: to move self or interact with objects
- Process skills: to organize objects, time, and speace
- Social interaction skills: to use verbal and non-verbal skills to communicate
These skills are essential for effective engagement in daily activities.
What are performance patterns?
Habits, routines, roles, and rituals that influence occupational performance
What is a habit?
- Performance pattern
- Specific, automatic behaviors performed repeatedly with little variation
(Matuska & Barrett, 2019)
What is a routine?
- Performance pattern
- Repetitive patterns of behavior that provide structure and can be satisfying, promoting, or damaging
What is a role?
- Performance pattern
- Aspects of identity shaped by culture and context, governed by norms
What is a ritual?
- Performance pattern
- Symbolic actions with spiritual, cultural, or social meaning that contribute to identity
True or False: Performance patterns help understand why a client performs certain occupations.
True
Fill in the blank: Performance patterns help understand the _______ and manner in which performance skills and occupations are integrated into clients’ lives.
frequency
What is the significance of ‘occupational justice’?
Ensures access and participation in meaningful and enriching occupations for all individuals.
Occupational justice addresses barriers to participation.
Summary of OT domains
