Lecture 19- Peripheral Arterial And Venous Disease Flashcards
Where do superficial and deep veins run?
Superficial in subcutaneous tissue and deep underneath the deep fascia with major arteries.
Superficial connected to deep veins through perforating veins
What vein runs in front of medial malleolus and can be located here?
Long saphenous
Which muscles act as calf muscle pump?
Soles and gastrocnemius
Peripheral venous disease?
Varicose veins where valves ineffective. Blood movement slow or reversed. Get distension and swelling. Venous pressure is increased and walls of vein weaken. Veins tend to be torturous and twisted
Symptoms of varicose veins?
Throbbing, aching, heaviness and muscle cramps along the affected veins
What can occur as a result of varicose veins?
Haemorrhage- in shower standing and warmth vasodilation
Skin pigmentation due to RBC leakage and rust formation
Lipodermatosclerosis
Venous ulceration and oedema
Thrombophlebitis
What is thrombophlebitis?
Inflammatory process resulting in clot forming in vein
Venous eczema?
Chronic, itchy, red and swollen and tight
Can lead to lipidermatosclerosis
Result of venous hypertension
Venous ulceration?
Result of venous hypertension
Often develops around modular areas
Treating venous hypertension and calf muscle pump failure?
Increase mobility etc
Can cut perforating vein to prevent backflow from deep veins
Arterial thrombosis cause?
Usually atheroma
Venous thrombosis cause?
Usually stasis with one other precipitating factor such as trauma, surgery, smoking, dehydration, inflammatory conditions
Identifying a DVT?
Swollen with oedema Pyrexia Tender Warmth Distended
Peripheral arterial disease chronic and acute?
Chronic can allow collateral arteries to develop around the obstructed artery
Acute doesn’t allow this to happen
Can lead to aortic aneurysm or atrial fibrillation
6 P’s of leg ischaemia?
Pain Pallor Paralysis Pulseless Perishing with cold Paraesthesia
