Lecture 19 - Ankle MSK conditions

Question 1

Describe an Lateral ligament injury

Answer 1

ATFL, ATFL+CFL ,
inversion + PF
lateral swelling/bruising
tenderness on affected ligs
AMT=PMT increased pain on inv and PF 
\+Anterior drawer test
\+talar tilt test - CFL 
antalgic gait 

Manage: RICE, early WB, Restore ROM, functional exercises, proprioception, motor control, balance

Question 2

Lateral ligament injuries have a ____% risk of developing CAI

Answer 2

40%

Question 3

Describe Medial Ligament Injury

Answer 3

Eversion
medial swelling and bruising
pain on eversion
+talar tilt

Question 4

Describe a high ankle sprain (syndesmosis)

Answer 4

usually involves AITFL, maybe PTFL 
forceful ER in hyperDF 
pain in lunge or walking down stairs
tenderness over AITFL
\+ lunge compression
\+ ER
 manage: RICE, early WB, avoid painful DF, ROM,

Question 5

What is turf toe

Answer 5

Sprain of 1st MT
from hyperEXT
Rice, taping, gradual ROM

Question 6

Describe AT rupture

Answer 6

male:female - 10:1
forceful eccentric contraction of the calf muscles - often with knee in ext
described as kicked in leg
no PF
+thompson
immobilize, ROM, weakness, balance, neuro control

Question 7

CAI, what is it?

Answer 7

chronic ankle instability
recurrent sprains, instability, swelling, pain,
manage: general exercise, function

Question 8

Describe Sinus Tarsi

Answer 8

MOI - overuse, associated with lateral ankle sprain
Pain worse in AM, passive INV and EV may be painful
Manage: rest, ice, joint mob, taping stretch, strength

Question 9

Describe Ankle Impingement

Answer 9

Anterior:

• additional soft tissue or bony tissue between talus and tibia during max DF
• repeated max DF , pain in DF, restricted DF
• associated with ankle sprain

Posterior:

• posterior talus against tibia in max PF
• Tib post
• secondary to PF, Inv injuries
• posterior jt tenderness, restricted/pain PF

Manage: rest, heel lift/tape (DF), posterior taping for PF, address impairments

Question 10

Describe Plantar Fasciitis

Answer 10

degenerative/inflammatory
predisposing factors: feet supination/pronation/obesity
pain and tenderness on inferior heel
tight gastrocs/soleus complex/ ankle PF
Manage: tape, ice, rest, stretch, address weight,

Question 11

Describe Hallux Valgus

Answer 11

deformity of 1st MT
medial deivation of head of 1st
cause: genetics, hypermobility, footwear
manage: proper footwear

Question 12

Describe Hallux Limitus (rigidus)

Answer 12

deep aching agg by walking

limitus - jt mobs, rigidus - rocker shoe

Question 13

Describe Mortons Neuroma

Answer 13

entrapment of plantar interdigital nerve
common between 3rd and 4th MT
+metatarsal squeeze
manage: wide shoes, offload

Question 14

Describe Tarsal Tunnel syndrome

Answer 14

Entrapment of Posterior Tibial nerve
burning, tingling, numbness
+tinnel tap test

Question 15

What is Severs disease

Answer 15

Injury to growth plate of calcaneus, overuse of PFs

common in young male athletes

Question 16

Describe Metatarsalgia

Answer 16

pain under ball of foot