Lecture 19 Flashcards
Osteoarthritis involves the formation of_____
bone spurs
The specialised vascular circiulation that feeds the Liver is called the?
The Portal System
what are some structures that are avascular?
Epidermis
Surface epithelium
Articular Cartilage
Descibe the layers in the walls of artery
Intima: endothelium
Media: smooth muscle (receive brances from the Sympathetic NS, motor system, contraction etc..)
Adventitia:Fibrous tissue
The main arteries run in _____ compartments
Flexor
for protection
What does arteriae Nervorum mean?
Artery going to a nerve
Anastomoses occure where this is a..
When are these likely to occur?
Linking of arteries or arterioles,
collatteral
occur in highly vascular organs (muscle) and around joints
Kidney is made up of ______segments..
Vascular
Should a person have a longstanding narrowing of coronary arteries, what will happen over time?
Functional end arterieos may open up and form anastomosis
If heart attack is sudden however, there won’t be enough time to change the blood distribution
What is an embolus?
An embolus is any detached, traveling intravascular mass (solid, liquid, or gaseous) carried by circulation, which is capable of clogging arterial capillary beds (create an arterial occlusion) at a site distant from its point of origin.
Why is the venous lumen large?
because pressure is lower on the venous side of ciruclation.
and 70% of all circulating volume is on the venous side,
so vein that colect, need to be larger (large lumen)
Valves direct the flow of blood…
Against grvity in limbs
and
from Superficial to deep
True or False.
There are no valves in deep veins of the trunk (thorax, abdomena and pelvis)
True
can flow in both direction, dependant of pressure, blockages etc…
The advantages of coupling veins and arteries (in a counter-current mechanism) are?
Conserving heat
What is the mechanism of the Thoracic pump as a means of venous blood flow?
Pressure differences between the abdomen and thorax changes over inspiration and expiration.
During inspiration venous return from the ______ and ______, is dragged into the heart
During expiration, the _____gets lengtherned as the diaphargm comes _______, facilitiating increased return from the adbdomen into the ______side of the heart via the IVC
During inspiration venous return from the Upper limbs and head, is dragged into the heart
During expiration, the IVC gets lengtherned as the diaphargm comes upwards, facilitiating increased return from the adbdomen into the right side of the heart via the IVC
Subcutaneous veins - no muscle support
What are perforating veins?
direct flow from subcutaneous to deep veins
What is the mechanism of Lymph flow though lympth vessels?
- Carry lymph and foreign materials to lymph nodes where it is filtered and exposed to defence cells
- Lymph returned to the circulation (via veins of the neck)
- Lymph capillaries drain into lymphatics and lymph trunks
- 1-Way valves direct flow
Where are the 3 major sites of lymph nodes?
Neck(Cervical)
Armpit (Axillary)
Groin (inguinal)
Addition sites of lymphoid tissue:
______- from upper thorax into the neck.
Spleen (creates and kills ______)
______(entrance to larynx)
Peyer’s patches (in the ______ of the GI Tract)
Addition sites of lymphoid tissue
Thymus - from upper thorax into the neck.
Spleen (creates and kills blood cells)
Tonsils (entrance to larynx)
Peyer’s patches (in the mucosa of the GI Tract)
