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Human Anatomy 2024 - Muscular System > Lecture 18 - Muscles Of The Forearm > Flashcards

Lecture 18 - Muscles Of The Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anterior compartment of the Forearm?

A
  • made up of 4 layers; 8 muscles total
  • First (superficial) layer
  • Second layer
  • third layer
  • fourth layer (very deep)
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2
Q

How many muscles are in the first (superficial) layer? What are they?

A
  • made up of 4 muscles
  • Pronator teres, flexor carpi Radialis, Palmaris longus, flexor carpi Ulnaris
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3
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the Pronator teres?

A
  • O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, Adjacent supracondylar ridge
  • I: Mid-shaft of lateral radius
  • Inn: Median Nerve
  • MA: Radioulnar (forearm) pronation
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4
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the flexor carpi Radialis?

A
  • O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
  • I: Base of metacarpals 2 & 3
  • Inn: Median Nerve
  • MA: Wrist flexion & abduction
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5
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the Palmaris Longus?

A
  • O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
  • I: Palmar aponeurosis of hand
  • Inn: Median nerve
  • MA: Wrist flexion (tenses palmar aponeurosis (connects the skin to the underlying structures of the hand)
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6
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the flexor carpi Ulnaris?

A
  • O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
  • I: Base of 5th metacarpal via pisiform
  • Inn: Ulnar nerve
  • MA Wrist flexion & adduction
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7
Q

How many muscles are in the second layer? What are they?

A
  • 1
  • flexor Digitorum superficialis; closer to the surface, or Profundus
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8
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the flexor Digitorum superficialis?

A
  • O: In an oblique line from medial epicondyle of the humerus to the mid-shaft of the radius, As it approaches the wrist, it splits into 4 tendons
  • I: Palmar surfaces of middle phalanx on digits 2-5
  • Inn: Median Nerve
  • MA: Flexion at proximal interphalangeal & metacarpophalangeal joints
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9
Q

How many muscles are in the third layer of the anterior compartment? What are they?

A
  • 2
  • flexor Digitorum Profundus & flexor pollicis longus
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10
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the flexor Digitorum Profundus?

A
  • O: Anterior ulna & medial half of interosseous membrane
  • I: Bases of the distal phalanges
  • Inn: Lateral half Median nerve, medial half Ulnar nerve
  • MA: Flexion of distal & proximal interphalangeal joints & metacarpophalangeal joints
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11
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the flexor pollicis longus?

A
  • O: Anterior radius & lateral half of the interosseous membrane
  • I: Palmar surface of distal phalanx of the thumb
  • Inn: Median nerve
  • MA: Thumb flexion (at the interphalangeal joint as well as the metacarpalphalangeal joint)
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12
Q

How many muscles are in the fourth (very deep) layer? What are they?

A
  • 1
  • Pronator quadratus
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13
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the Pronator quadratus?

A
  • O: Lower/Distal 1/4 anterior ulna
  • I: Lower/Distal 1⁄4 anterior radius
  • Inn: Median nerve
  • MA: Radio-ulnar (forearm) pronation
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14
Q

What is the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • made up of 2 layers; 11 muscles total, with one on its own & not part of the layers
  • superficial layer
  • deep layer
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15
Q

What is the muscle on its own and not part of the layers?

A
  • Brachioradialis
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16
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the Brachioradialis ?

A
  • O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
  • I: Styloid process of the radius
  • Inn: Radial nerve
  • MA: Elbow flexion in semi-pronation
17
Q

How many muscles are in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment? What are they?

A
  • 5 total
  • extensor carpi Radialis longus/brevis
  • extensor Digitorum
  • extensor Digiti Minimi
  • extensor carpi Ulnaris
18
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor carpi Radialis longus?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle & lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
  • I: Dorsal surface of base of metacarpal 2
  • Inn: Radial nerve
  • MA: Wrist extension & abduction
19
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor carpi Radialis Brevis?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • I: Dorsal surface of base of Metacarpal 2 & 3
  • Inn: Radial nerve
  • MA: Wrist extension & abduction
20
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor Digitorum?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • I: Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5 – Via the extensor hoods
  • Inn: Radial nerve
  • MA: Extension of the distal & proximal IP joints & the MCP joints, Wrist extension
21
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor Digiti Minimi?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  • I: Extensor hood of digit 5
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Extension of digit 5
22
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor carpi Ulnaris?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus & posterior border of ulna
  • I: Medial side of base of 5th Metacarpal
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Wrist extension & adduction
23
Q

How many muscles are in the deep layer of the posterior compartment? What are they?

A
  • 5 muscles
  • supinator
  • extensor indices
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor Pollics longus/brevis
24
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the supinator?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus & the proximal end of the ulna
  • I: Posterior proximal radius
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Radio-ulnar (forearm) supination
25
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor indices?

A
  • O: Posterior surface of distal ulna (distal to extensor pollicis longus) & adjacent interosseous membrane
  • I: Extensor hood of digit 2
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Extension of digit 2
26
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the abductor pollicis longus?

A
  • O: Posterior surfaces of proximal half ulna & middle third of radius (distal to attachments of supinator & anconeus) & intervening interosseous membrane
  • I: Lateral side of base of first metacarpal
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Thumb abduction at CMC joint
27
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor Pollicis longus?

A
  • O: Posterior surface of middle third ulna (distal to abductor pollicis brevis) & adjacent interosseous membrane
  • I: Dorsal surface of base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Thumb extension at CMC, MCP and IP joints
28
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the extensor Pollicis brevis?

A
  • O: Posterior surface of radius (distal to abductor pollicis longus) & adjacent interosseous membrane
  • I: Dorsal surface of base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
  • Inn: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of Radial nerve)
  • MA: Thumb extension at CMC & MCP joints

Human Anatomy 2024 - Muscular System (12 decks)

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