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Human Anatomy 2024 - Muscular System > Lecture 16 - Muscles Of The Pectoral & Scapular Regions > Flashcards

Lecture 16 - Muscles Of The Pectoral & Scapular Regions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the anterior axio-appendicular region?

A
  • pectoralis major/minor
  • subclavius
  • Serratus anterior
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2
Q

What are the 2 origins of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Clavicular Head: Anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
  • Sternocostal Head: Anterior surface of sternum, Costal cartilages 1-6 (or 1-7)
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3
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Lateral lip of the bicipital groove on humerus (both heads)
  • Attachments twist on one another so that the sternal head comes to be superior to the clavicular head on the bicipital groove
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4
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Medial Pectoral Nerve
  • Lateral Pectoral Nerve
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5
Q

What are the main actions of the pectoralis major?

A
  • Shoulder adduction & medial rotation
  • Clavicular head only: shoulder Flexion from an extended position
  • Sternal head only: shoulder extension from a flexed position
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6
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the pectoralis minor?

A
  • O: Anterior and superior surfaces of ribs 3, 4, 5, just lateral to costal cartilages
  • I: Coracoid process of scapula
  • Inn: Medial Pectoral Nerve
  • MA: Protraction of scapula
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7
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the subclavius?

A
  • O: Rib 1 at junction of rib & costal cartilage
  • I: Groove on inferior surface of middle 1/3 clavicle
  • Inn: Nerve to Subclavius
  • MA: Anchors & depresses clavicle when upper limb is moving
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8
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the Serratus anterior?

A
  • O: External lateral surfaces of first 8 (or 9) ribs
  • I: Anterior surface of medial border scapula
  • Inn: Long Thoracic Nerve
  • MA: Scapular protraction & upward rotation
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9
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the posterior axio-appendicular & scapulohumeral regions

A
  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboids major/minor
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10
Q

What are the origins of the trapezius?

A
  • External occipital crest
  • Ligamentum nuchae
  • Spinous processes of C7-T12 (aponeurotic) & supraspinous ligament
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11
Q

What are the insertions of the trapezius?

A
  • Upper fibers descend to the lateral 1/3 of posterior clavicle
  • Middle fibers run horizontally along scapular spine to the acromion process of scapula
  • Lower fibers ascend to the scapular spine
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12
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A
  • CN XI (accessory nerve)
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13
Q

What are the main actions of the trapezius?

A
  • Upper scapular elevation & upward rotation, neck extension & side flexion
  • Middle scapular retraction
  • Lower scapular depression & upward rotation
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14
Q

What is the origins of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae & interspinous ligaments
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Posterior iliac crest lower 3 or 4 ribs
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15
Q

What is the insertion/innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • I: Floor of bicipital groove
  • Inn: Thoracodorsal nerve
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16
Q

What are the main actions of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Shoulder extension back to neutral from a flexed position
  • Shoulder medial rotation
  • Shoulder adduction
17
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the levator scapulae?

A
  • O: C1 to C4 transverse processes
  • I: Superior portion of medial border of scapula
  • Inn: Dorsal Scapular nerve
  • MA: Scapular elevation & downward rotation
18
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the rhomboids major?

A
  • O: T2 to T5 spinous processes
  • I: Medial border of scapula
  • Inn: Dorsal Scapular nerve
  • MA: Scapular retraction, downward rotation & elevation
19
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the rhomboids minor?

A
  • O: Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae, C7 & T1 spinous processes
  • I: Medial end of scapular spine at medial border of scapula
  • Inn: Dorsal Scapular nerve
  • MA: Scapular retraction, downward rotation & elevation
20
Q

What are the 6 muscles of the scapulohumeral region?

A
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • teres minor/major
  • subscapularis
  • deltoid
21
Q

What is the rotator cuff?

A
  • made up of 4 muscles
  • use the acronym “SITS”; Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
  • made up of 1 anterior cuff muscle; subscapularis
  • made up of 3 posterior cuff muscles; Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
22
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the Supraspinatus?

A
  • O: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
  • I: Superior portion of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Inn: Suprascapular nerve
  • MA: Initiates abduction of the shoulder (first 150 degrees), Assists with lateral rotation of the shoulder
23
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the infraspinatus?

A
  • O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
  • I: Middle portion of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Inn: Suprascapular nerve
  • MA: Lateral rotation of the shoulder
24
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the teres minor?

A
  • O: Mid-portion of lateral border of scapular
  • I: Inferior portion of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Inn: Axillary Nerve
  • MA: Lateral rotation of the shoulder
25
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the subscapularis?

A
  • O: Subscapular fossa of the scapula
  • I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
  • Inn: Upper & Lower Subscapular nerve
  • MA: Shoulder medial rotation
26
Q

What is the origin/insertion/innervation/main action of the teres major?

A
  • O: Poserior surface of inferior angle of scapula
  • I: Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
  • Inn: Lower Subscapular nerve
  • MA: Shoulder medial rotation, Shoulder adduction & Shoulder extension from a flexed position
27
Q

What is the origins of the deltoid?

A
  • Anterior portion of lateral 1/3 clavicle
  • Lateral portion of acromion process – Inferior edge of scapular spine
  • Forms 3 distinct portions:
    - Anterior - front of the joint
    - Middle - top of the joint
    - Posterior - behind the joint
28
Q

What is the insertion/innervation/main action of the deltoid?

A
  • I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • Inn: Axillary Nerve
  • MA: Abduction of Shoulder (beyond 15°), Anterior head - assists with shoulder flexion & medial rotation, Posterior head - assists with shoulder extension & lateral rotation

Human Anatomy 2024 - Muscular System (12 decks)

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