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BIOL21172 - Principles of Developmental Biology > Lecture 18 - Leaf development > Flashcards

Lecture 18 - Leaf development Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main components of a leaf? [3]

A
  • Petiole
  • Blade
  • Midvein
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2
Q

True or False? The leaf has a determinate cell fate.

A

True

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3
Q

True or False? The meristem has a determinate cell fate.

A
  • False

- It has an indeterminate cell fate

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4
Q

What is determined first on a growing primordium?

A

Adaxial-abaxial patterning

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5
Q

What comes after establishing

Adaxial-abaxial patterning on a growing primordium?

A

> Blade outgrowth

> Tissue differentiation

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6
Q

What is the role of class I KNOX genes?

A
  • Expressed in meristem

- Help maintain indeterminate growth

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7
Q

What is the role of ARP genes?

A
  • Expressed i n cells of leaf primordia

- Promote determinate growth and differenitation

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8
Q

How can ARP genes affect KNOX-1 genes?

A

ARPs can act as transcriptional repressors to shut off KNOX-1 genes

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9
Q

How does a leaf acquire adaxial and abaxial polarity?

A
  • Signal from meristem moves into incipient primordium

- Signal conveys adaxial positional informatuon

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10
Q

Name some adaxial specific genes.

A
  • Revoluta
  • Phabulosa
  • Phavulosa
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11
Q

Name some abaxial specific genes.

A
  • Yabby
  • Kanadi
  • miR165 & miR166
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12
Q

What does miR165 do?

A
  • Expressed in abaxial side

- Cleaves Phabulosa

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13
Q

What phenotype do GOF phb-1d mutants have?

A

They have radial, adaxialized leaves

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14
Q

What happens when there is too much kanadi?

A

The leaf is over abaxialised

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15
Q

What happens when there is too little kanadi?

A

The leaf is over adaxialised

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16
Q

What is the most important factor required for blade development?

A

The abaxial/adaxial boundary

17
Q

What gene is needed so leaves can grow outwards?

A

Angusfolia

18
Q

What gene is needed so leaves can grow in length?

A

Rotudifolia3

19
Q

What causes the leaf blade to gain spikes?

A
  • Auxin promotes spikes
  • cup-shaped cotyledon repressed spikes
  • They are patterned to give spikes
20
Q

What are the main cell types within a leaf?

A
  • Epidermis cells
  • Palisade mesophyll
  • Spongy mesophyll
  • Vascular tissue
21
Q

What genes contribute to the development of guard cells?

A
  • Speechless
  • Mute
  • Fama
22
Q

How is the spacing of guard cells controlled?

A

By epidermal patterning factor2 (EPF2) and erecta genes

23
Q

How does epidermal patterning factor2 inhibit guard cell production?

A

Creates a ligand that inhibits the guard cell pathway

24
Q

What happens during over expression of epidermal patterning factor2?

A

There are no guard cells

BIOL21172 - Principles of Developmental Biology (19 decks)

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