Lecture 17 - Temporal and Infratemporal Fossae

Question 1

What attaches at the superior and inferior temporal line?

L17 S4

Answer 1

Superior temporal line:
-temporalis fascia

Inferior temporal line:
-temporalis muscle

Question 2

What are the borders and contents of the temporal fossa?

L17 S5-6

Answer 2

Superior/posterior:
-inferior temporal line

Anterior:
-frontal process of zygomatic

Inferior:
-zygomatic arch

Floor:

• greater wing of sphenoid
• squamous temporal
• frontal
• parietal

Contents:

• temporalis muscle
• deep temporal nerve and arteries
• zygomaticofacial nerve

Question 3

What is the innervation of all muscles involved in mastication?

L17 S7

Answer 3

Mandibular branch of CN V

Question 4

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the masseter?

L17 S7

Answer 4

Origin:
-inferior and deep surface of zygomatic bone

Insertion:
-lateral surface of mandibular ramus

Action:
-elevates and protracts mandible

Question 5

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the temporalis?

L17 S8

Answer 5

Origin:
-floor of temporal fossa and temporal fascia

Insertion:
-coronoid process and anterior mandibular ramus

Action:
-elevates and retracts mandible

Question 6

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the lateral pterygoid?

L17 S9

Answer 6

Origin:
-lateral pterygoid plate and greater wing of sphenoid

Insertion:
-front of neck of mandible, articular disc, and TMJ

Action:

• protracts mandible and depresses chin (bilaterally)
• grinding (unilateral)

Question 7

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the medial pterygoid?

L17 S10

Answer 7

Origin:
-lateral pterygoid plate and maxilla

Insertion:
-medial surface of mandible (near angle)

Action:

• elevates and protracts (bilaterally)
• grinding (unilateral

Question 8

What ligaments are associated with the TMJ?

L17 S15

Answer 8

Temporomandibular ligament (TML):
-base of zygomatic process to mandibular neck

Stylomandibular ligament (SML):

• styloid process to angle of mandible
• between parotid and submandibular gland

Sphenomandibular ligament:

• sphenoid spine to mandibular lingula
• remnant of Meckel’s cartilage

Question 9

What are the borders of the infratemporal fossa?

L17 S16

Answer 9

Anterior:
-maxilla

Superior:
-greater wing of sphenoid

Medial:
-lateral pterygoid plate

Lateral:
-coronoid process and ramus of mandible

Inferior:
-continuous with neck

Posterior:
-TMJ and styloid process

Question 10

What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa?

L17 S17

Answer 10

• mandibular nerve
• maxillary artery
• medial and lateral pterygoid muscles
• lower temporalis muscle
• chorda tympani nerve
• otic ganglion

Question 11

What are the branches of the first part of the maxillary artery?

L17 S20-22

Answer 11

Deep auricular:

• in parotid gland
• supplie TMJ, ext. auditory meatus, and outer ear drum

Anterior tympanic:
-tympanic cavity and inner ear drum

Middle meningeal:

• enters via foramen spinosum
• supplies skull and dura mater

Accessory meningeal:

• enters via foramen ovale
• supplies semilunar ganglion (CN V) and dura mater

Inferior alveolar:

• enters via mandibular foramen
• supplies lower teeth and gums
• becomes mental artery after mental foramen

Question 12

What are the branches of the second part of the maxillary artery?

L17 S24

Answer 12

Muscles of mastication

Buccal artery

Question 13

What are the branches of the third part of the maxillary artery?

L17 S25

Answer 13

Posterior superior alveolar:

• with superior alveolar nerve (V-2)
• supplies upper molars

Infraorbital:

• enters via inferior orbital fissure
• with infraorbital nerve
• supplies lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip, and oral mucosa
• gives off anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries

Descending palatine