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(J) Histology Test 3 > Lecture 17 - Histology of the Ear > Flashcards

Lecture 17 - Histology of the Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the outer ear?

L17 S5

A
  • auricle
  • external auditory meatus
  • tympanic membrane
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2
Q

Describe the histological features of the auricle.

L17 S5

A
  • keratinized stratified epithelium over elastic cartilage

- hair follicles are present

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3
Q

Describe the histological features of the external auditory meatus.

L17 S5

A
  • outer third of canal consists of elastic cartilage; inner two thirds is bone
  • lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing sebaceous and ceruminous glands
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4
Q

Describe the histological features of the tympanic membrane.

L17 S5

A
  • core of innervated, vascularized connective tissue
  • external surface is thin layer of skin
  • internal surface is simple cuboidal epithelium
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5
Q

What are the components of the middle ear?

L17 S8

A

Ossicles:

  • malleus (hammer)
  • incus (anvil)
  • stapes

Openings:

  • oval window
  • round window

Muscles:

  • tensor tympani
  • stapedius
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6
Q

Describe the organization of the auditory ossicles in the middle ear.

L17 S8-9

A

Malleus
-connects to tympanic membrane and articulates with the incus

Incus:
-is an intermediate bone between the malleus and stapes

Stapes:
-inserts into the oval window

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7
Q

Describe the openings found in the middle ear.

L17 S8

A

Oval window:

  • opening in the scala vestibuli
  • attaches to the stapes

Round window:
-membrane covered opening in the end of scala tympani

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8
Q

Where do the muscles of the middle ear insert and what do they do?

L17 S8

A

Tensor tympani:
-inserts on malleus

Stapedius:
-inserts on stapes

Both reflexively contract in response to loud noises, dampening the vibrations of the auditory ossicles

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9
Q

What are the components of the inner ears?

L17 S10

A
  • bony labyrinth
  • membranous labyrinth
  • vestibular organ
  • auditory organ
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10
Q

What are the histological features of the bony labyrinth?

L17 S10

A
  • system of canals and chambers embedded in temporal bone
  • contains high-sodium perilymph

Consists of:

  • semicircular canals
  • cochlea
  • scala vestibuli
  • scala tympani
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11
Q

What are the histological features of the membranous labyrinth?

L17 S10

A
  • system of membranous structures with the bony labyrinth

- contains high potassium endolymph

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12
Q

What are components of the vestibular organs?

L17 S10

A
  • maculae of saccule and utricle

- cristae ampullaris of semicircular canals

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13
Q

What are the histological features of the maculae of the saccule and utricle?

L17 S13

A 
Epithelium:
-columnar supporting cells
-vestibular hair cells
—numerous sterocilia
—single kinocilium
—in contact with afferent nerves

Otolithic membrane:

  • gelatinous layer over epithelium containing calcium carbonate crystals called otoliths
  • movement of head displaces otolithic membrane moving vestibular hair cell cilia
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14
Q

What are the histological features of the cristae ampullares of the semicircular canals

A 
Epithelium:
-columnar supporting cells
-hair cells
—numerous sterocilia
—single kinocilium
—in contact with afferent nerves

Cupola:

  • gelatinous layer over hair cells; no otoliths
  • movement of the head displaces the cupula, bending stereo cilia
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15
Q

What are the components of the the auditory organ (cochlea)?

L17 S19

A

Ducts:

  • scala media
  • scala vestibuli
  • scala tympani

Membranes:

  • vestibular membrane
  • basilar membrane
  • stria vascularis
  • Organ of Corti
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16
Q

What is the layout of the scala media, scala vestibuli, and scala tympani?
What separates them?

L17 S20

A

-scala media lies between the scala vestibuli and scala tympani

  • basal membrane forms floor of scala media and separates from scala tympani
  • vestibular membrane forms roof of scala media and seperates from scala vestibuli
17
Q

What is the stria vascularis and what is its function?

L17 S20

A
  • lateral aspect of scala media

- produces endolymph

18
Q

What is the Organ of Corti and what is its function?

L17 S20

A
  • lies on the basilar membrane

- contains hairs of varying lengths which respond to conducted sound waves of varying frequencies

19
Q

What are the components of the Organ of Corti?

L17 S26

A
  • outer hair cells
  • inner hair cells
  • inner tunnel
  • internal spiral tunnel of cochlear duct
  • tectorial membrane
  • basilar membrane

(J) Histology Test 3 (10 decks)

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