Lecture 17 Eukaryotes-Fungi Flashcards
What are the four phylas of fungi
Ascomycota
Basidomycota
Zygomycota
Chytridomycota
How are the main phyla distinguised?
Distinguished by their reproductive structures
What is teleomorph and anamorph?
Teleomorph - Form of fungus that produces sexual reproduction features
Anamorph - Form of fungus that doesn’t produce sexual reproduction features
What are arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)
AM is fungi living in symbioses with plant roots which are the main absorbing organ of many plants
What are hyphae
Each of the branching filaments that make up the mycelium of a fungus
What are septa
In basiodiomycetes and ascomycetes, hyphae are subdivided into compartments by cross walls septa. These septa limit damage to mycellium by making it possible to seal off damaged compartments
What is ergosterol
Ergosterol is a sterol found in cell membranes of fungi and protozoa
What is the main function of ATPase in the cytoplasmic membrane of fungi?
Nutrient uptake driven by proton motive force generated by ATPases through extrusion of protons
What are the four different parts of hyphae and mycellium?
Apical growth zone
Absorption zone
Storage zone
Senescence zone
What is the apical growth zone
Vesicles fuse with the membrane tip delivering new polymers for wall extension, new wall lytic enzymes and hydrolytic enzymes for degredation of substrates into smaller molecules to be taken up to absorption zone
What is the absorption zone
Absorbance of substrates which leads to branching, which occurs when the nutrient supply exceeds what is required to sustain growth at the tip. Branching is positively correlated with high concentration of nutrients
What is the storage zone
As hyphae advance, some excess nutrients are transported to the storage zone and there are deposited as glycogen deposits or lipid droplets. Some of these nutrients are then used to produce reproductive structures
What is the senescense zone
Autolysis, death of cell through disintegration of vacuoles and release of degrading enzyme.
