Lecture 16 - Hydrothermal Vents

Question 1

What are hydrothermal vents and where do they form

Answer 1

They form at mid ocean ridges and the subduction zones between oceanic and continental crust

Question 2

What are the two types of vent?

Answer 2

Black and white smokers

Question 3

Could you draw a diagram of how a hydrothermal vent works

Answer 3

maybe

Question 4

What are the four types of light emmited at thermal vent?

Answer 4

Cystalloluminescence
Chemiluminescence
Triboluminescence
Sonoluminescence

Question 5

What Chemosynthesis?

Answer 5

Energy obtained from hydrogen suplhide which powers life WITHOUT THE SUN :O

Question 6

What is the equation for chemosynthesis

Answer 6

CO2 + S2- + O2 + H2O —> CH2O + SO2 2-

Question 7

Name the six key fauna found here

Answer 7

Octopus
Tubeworms
Dandelion Organisms
Zoarchid Fish
Shrimps
Mussels

Question 8

Give the ecology of the tube worm - Pompeii Worm

Answer 8

Lives in the highest temp known for any organism. Head in seawater at 22oC and rear in vent water at 80oC. Has a carpet of bacteria on its back

Question 9

Explain a relation of symbiosis in these areas

Answer 9

Giant white clams live on nutrients produced by symiotic bacteria in gills. Wedge their foot into cracks

Question 10

Give ecology of hydrothermal vent shrimp

Answer 10

Will feed on copepods / amphipods but main nutrition by farming bacteria on enlarged gills. Form dense masses over vent gas to feed on bacteria