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PSYC 2330 > Lecture 16: Extinction II > Flashcards

Lecture 16: Extinction II Flashcards

1
Q

What can extinction be reflective of?

A
  • A reduction in previously-learned behaviour and competing learning
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2
Q

Change in context following extinction results in ______ of behaviour.

A
  • Renewal
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3
Q

When an organism re-encounters a US that had been withheld during extinction training, the recovery of behaviour is called…

A
  • Reinstatement
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4
Q

A shift in temporal context following extinction training can result in…

A
  • Spontaneous recovery
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5
Q

Re-acquisition following extinction training is typically _______ than initial acquisition training.

A
  • Faster

- Rapid reacquisition

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6
Q

_____ extinction produces faster extinction; ______ extinction produces stronger extinction. (Spaced vs. Massed)

A
  • Massed

- Spaced

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7
Q

______ extinction produces faster extinction; _____ extinction produces stronger extinction. (Delayed vs. Immediate)

A
  • Immediate

- Delayed

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8
Q

Is extinction learning related to training circumstance?

A
  • Yes, it is extremely sensitive to it

- Sensitive to disruption or other stimulation (reverts back to original learning)

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9
Q

What is renewal and what is it relevant for?

A
  • Change in context following extinction results in renewed behaviour
  • Particularly relevant for clinic-based behavioural therapies
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10
Q

What is spontaneous recovery? What is it a form of?

A
  • Decline in conditioned behaviour reduces in time

- Temporal ‘context’ shift (a form of renewal)

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11
Q

What is reinstatement?

A
  • Recovery of behaviour when organism encounters US or outcome again
  • Also cue- (associated with US/outcome) and stress-induced reinstatement
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12
Q

What is retention of knowledge of the reinforcer?

A
  • Selective reinstatement of behaviour specific to a particular outcome
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13
Q

What is rapid reacquisition?

A
  • Reacquisition of a behaviour after extinction is faster than initial acquisition of the behaviour
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14
Q

What is resurgence?

A
  • Reappearance of an extinguished target response when another reinforced response is extinguished
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15
Q

What happens in each stage of renewal?

A

Training: Context A
- learn behaviour
- Rats press lever for food while tone is paired with shock
Extinction: Context B
- Tone extinguished during ongoing lever pressing
Test: Context A
- Repeated tone presentation with no shock
- With change in context, there is an initial renewal of suppression evoked by CS

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16
Q

What is the process of spontaneous recovery?

A
  • 3 week delay following extinction

- Extinction test: recovery of trained behaviour

17
Q

Describe the mechanism of reinstatement?

A
  • Related to the outcome
  • Evoked by a wide range of stimuli
  • Daily 3 hour extinction sessions with no cocaine
  • Test: 30 min reinstatement session with cocaine cue presentation (reinstates behaviour)
  • Stimulus associated with extinct outcome can elicit past behaviour
18
Q

What is retention of knowledge of reinforcer another form of?

A
  • More specific test of reinstatement

- Specific behaviour -> specific outcome

19
Q

What is the process of retention of knowledge of reinforcer?

A

Example:
L lever press = sucrose
R lever press = pellets
- Training: Increase ratio of reinforcement (VR5, VR10, VR20)
- Extinction: decreases outcome seeking; no consequences for behaviour
- Test: Non-contingent delivery of one outcome; lever pressing is measured
- Reinstatement is specific to the outcome

20
Q

Describe rapid reacquisition?

A
  • Acquisition: Pair tone CS with food US
  • Extinction: Tone, no US
  • Reacquisition: 4 training sessions; learning is faster
21
Q

What is the process of resurgence?

A
  • Training: cocaine reinforced with lever press on VR20
  • Extinction+Food: Lever pressing not reinforced BUT nosepoke for food is (VR10)
  • Resurgence: Nosepoke extinguished, still no reinforcement for lever pressing
  • Behaviour shifts to lever pressing
22
Q

The blocking of ______ receptors block resurgence.

A

Dopamine

23
Q

How is the number of extinction trials related to behaviour?

A
  • More extinction training = greater decrease in responding

- Power of association

24
Q

How does the trial spacing affect extinction?

A
  • Spacing extinction trials reduces spontaneous recovery

- Massed extinction is learned faster

25
Q

What is the effect of extinction timing on strength/speed of extinction?

A
  • Immediate has faster extinction and greater renewal

- Delayed has less renewal and less spontaneous recovery, but takes longer to acquire

26
Q

What is repeated extinction and what is its effect?

A
  • NOT multiple trials in a session
  • Attenuation of successive spontaneous recoveries
  • Multiple extinction sessions
27
Q

What is the effect of multiple contexts on extinction?

A
  • Renewal is NOT evident in groups with more contexts
  • Reduces impact of context change on original original behaviour
  • Generalization is very delicate
28
Q

What are extinction retrieval cues? What is an example?

A
  • Renewal is attenuated by being tested in presence of extinction-associated stimulus
  • Carrying around a piece of extinction context
  • Ex. AA chips to mark milestones
29
Q

Is compound extinction more or less effective than elemental extinction?

A
  • Compound extinction is seen as a novel stimulus complex
  • There is lower spontaneous recovery for a piece of the compound stimulus
  • Compound extinction is more effective

PSYC 2330 (11 decks)

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