lecture 16 Flashcards
What is gene expression
a process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of functional gene product:
protein or non-coding DNA
What is a gene
Defined region of DNA that produces a type of DNA molecule that has some function
What is transcription
DNA dependent RNA synthesis
catalysed by enzyme RNA polymerase
What strand is mRNA transcribed from
the template strand (3’-5’) non-coding 1
What are the three stages of transcription
initiation
Elongation
Termination
What is splicing
when introns are removed and exons are joined together
What is the coding sequence `
A portion of the gene’s DNA that is translated into a protein
What is a promoter region
A DNA segment recognised by RNA polymerase to initiate transcription
What are the 5’ UTR and 3’ UTR (untranslated region)
contain regulatory elements that have an influence on gene expression at the transcriptional and/or translational level
What is the purpose of the 5’ G cap
to prevent mRNA degradation and regulate translation ( by providing a ribosome recognition and binding site) regulation of nuclear export and promote intron excision
What is the purpose of the poly-a-tail
prevents mRNA degradation, regulates translation and nuclear export
where is the location of transcription
in prokaryote-cytoplasm
in eukaryote-nucleus
